Misc Python formatting / import fixes in examples

Christoph Deil
1 parent 45cc2f23
Showing 21 changed files with 319 additions and 318 deletions
cscripts/cshessobs.py
cscripts/cspull.py
cscripts/cssens.py
cscripts/cstsdist.py
examples/benchmark_cta_analysis.py
examples/check_models.py
examples/make_pointings.py
examples/make_pull_at_sensitivity_limit.py
examples/make_spectrum.py
examples/make_survey.py
examples/make_ts_distributions.py
examples/pipeline_binned_disk.py
examples/pipeline_binned_mem.py
examples/pipeline_stacked_disk.py
examples/pipeline_stacked_mem.py
examples/pipeline_unbinned_disk.py
examples/pipeline_unbinned_mem.py
examples/show_pha.py
examples/show_response.py
examples/show_ts_distribution.py
@@ -374,8 +374,8 @@ class cshessobs(ctools.cscript):
  
         # Initialise empty xml file and append an observation list
         self.xml = gammalib.GXml()
-        self.xml.append(gammalib.GXmlElement("observation_list title=\"observation list\""));
-        lib = self.xml.element("observation_list", 0);
+        self.xml.append(gammalib.GXmlElement("observation_list title=\"observation list\""))
+        lib = self.xml.element("observation_list", 0)
  
         # Read runlist from file
         runlist = []
@@ -337,16 +337,16 @@ class cspull(ctools.cscript):
         """
  
         # Setup observation definition list
-        obsdeflist = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(self.m_pattern, \
-                                               ra=self["ra"].real(), dec=self["dec"].real(), \
+        obsdeflist = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(self.m_pattern,
+                                               ra=self["ra"].real(), dec=self["dec"].real(),
                                                offset=self["offset"].real())
  
         # Create list of observations
-        obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obsdeflist, \
-                                    tstart=self["tmin"].real(), duration=self["tmax"].real()-self["tmin"].real(), \
-                                    deadc=self["deadc"].real(), \
-                                    emin=self["emin"].real(), emax=self["emax"].real(), \
-                                    rad=self["rad"].real(), \
+        obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obsdeflist,
+                                    tstart=self["tmin"].real(), duration=self["tmax"].real()-self["tmin"].real(),
+                                    deadc=self["deadc"].real(),
+                                    emin=self["emin"].real(), emax=self["emax"].real(),
+                                    rad=self["rad"].real(),
                                     irf=self["irf"].string(), caldb=self["caldb"].string())
  
         # Return observation container
@@ -366,14 +366,14 @@ class cspull(ctools.cscript):
             self.log.header2("Trial "+str(seed+1))
  
         # Simulate events
-        obs = obsutils.sim(self.obs, \
-                           nbins=self.m_enumbins, \
-                           seed=seed, \
-                           binsz=self.m_binsz, \
-                           npix=self.m_npix, \
-                           edisp=self.m_edisp, \
-                           log=self.m_log, \
-                           debug=self.m_debug, \
+        obs = obsutils.sim(self.obs,
+                           nbins=self.m_enumbins,
+                           seed=seed,
+                           binsz=self.m_binsz,
+                           npix=self.m_npix,
+                           edisp=self.m_edisp,
+                           log=self.m_log,
+                           debug=self.m_debug,
                            chatter=self.m_chatter)
  
         # If stacked, add stacked responses and model
@@ -398,14 +398,14 @@ class cspull(ctools.cscript):
             models = obs.models()
             for i in range(models.size()):
                 model_name = models[i].name()
-                like       = obsutils.cterror(obs, model_name, \
-                                              log=self.m_log, \
+                like       = obsutils.cterror(obs, model_name,
+                                              log=self.m_log,
                                               debug=self.m_debug,
                                               chatter=self.m_chatter)
         else:
-            like = obsutils.fit(obs, edisp=self.m_edisp, \
-                                log=self.m_log, \
-                                debug=self.m_debug, \
+            like = obsutils.fit(obs, edisp=self.m_edisp,
+                                log=self.m_log,
+                                debug=self.m_debug,
                                 chatter=self.m_chatter)
  
         # Store results
@@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ class cssens(ctools.cscript):
         self.m_debug = self["debug"].boolean() # Debugging in client tools
  
         # Derive some parameters
-        self.m_ebounds = gammalib.GEbounds(self.m_bins, \
-                                           gammalib.GEnergy(self.m_emin, "TeV"), \
+        self.m_ebounds = gammalib.GEbounds(self.m_bins,
+                                           gammalib.GEnergy(self.m_emin, "TeV"),
                                            gammalib.GEnergy(self.m_emax, "TeV"))
  
         # Return
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class cssens(ctools.cscript):
             self.log("\n")
  
         # Initialise script
-        colnames = ['loge', 'emin', 'emax', 'crab_flux', 'photon_flux', \
+        colnames = ['loge', 'emin', 'emax', 'crab_flux', 'photon_flux',
                     'energy_flux', 'sensitivity']
         results  = []
  
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ class cssens(ctools.cscript):
                 raise gammalib.GException.invalid_value("cssens", msg)
  
             # Determine sensitivity
-            result = self.get_sensitivity(self.obs, emin, emax, \
+            result = self.get_sensitivity(self.obs, emin, emax,
                                           bkg_model, full_model)
  
             # Write results
@@ -297,8 +297,8 @@ class cssens(ctools.cscript):
             pntdir.lb_deg(lpnt, bpnt)
  
             # Create CTA observation
-            run = obsutils.set_obs(pntdir, caldb=caldb, irf=irf, \
-                                   duration=duration, deadc=deadc, \
+            run = obsutils.set_obs(pntdir, caldb=caldb, irf=irf,
+                                   duration=duration, deadc=deadc,
                                    emin=emin, emax=emax, rad=rad)
  
             # Append observation to container
@@ -464,8 +464,8 @@ class cssens(ctools.cscript):
             obs.models(src_model)
  
             # Simulate events
-            sim = obsutils.sim(obs, nbins=self.m_enumbins, seed=iter, \
-                               binsz=self.m_binsz, npix=self.m_npix, \
+            sim = obsutils.sim(obs, nbins=self.m_enumbins, seed=iter,
+                               binsz=self.m_binsz, npix=self.m_npix,
                                log=self.m_log, debug=self.m_debug)
  
             # Determine number of events in simulation
@@ -328,16 +328,19 @@ class cstsdist(ctools.cscript):
         """
  
         # Setup observation definition list
-        obsdeflist = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(self.m_pattern, \
-                                               ra=self["ra"].real(), dec=self["dec"].real(), \
+        obsdeflist = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(self.m_pattern,
+                                               ra=self["ra"].real(),
+                                               dec=self["dec"].real(),
                                                offset=self["offset"].real())
  
         # Create list of observations
-        obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obsdeflist, \
-                                    tstart=self["tmin"].real(), duration=self["tmax"].real()-self["tmin"].real(), \
-                                    deadc=self["deadc"].real(), \
-                                    emin=self["emin"].real(), emax=self["emax"].real(), \
-                                    rad=self["rad"].real(), \
+        obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obsdeflist,
+                                    tstart=self["tmin"].real(),
+                                    duration=self["tmax"].real()-self["tmin"].real(),
+                                    deadc=self["deadc"].real(),
+                                    emin=self["emin"].real(),
+                                    emax=self["emax"].real(),
+                                    rad=self["rad"].real(),
                                     irf=self["irf"].string(), caldb=self["caldb"].string())
  
         # Return observation container
@@ -355,11 +358,11 @@ class cstsdist(ctools.cscript):
             self.log.header2("Trial "+str(seed+1))
  
         # Simulate events
-        sim = obsutils.sim(self.obs, \
-                           nbins=self.m_enumbins, \
-                           seed=seed, \
-                           binsz=self.m_binsz, \
-                           npix=self.m_npix, \
+        sim = obsutils.sim(self.obs,
+                           nbins=self.m_enumbins,
+                           seed=seed,
+                           binsz=self.m_binsz,
+                           npix=self.m_npix,
                            log=self.m_log, debug=self.m_debug)
  
         # Determine number of events in simulation
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 # ==========================================================================
-import gammalib
 import ctools
 import time
 try:
@@ -24,114 +24,113 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 # ==========================================================================
-import gammalib
-import ctools
 import sys
+import ctools
  
  
 # ================= #
 # Analysis pipeline #
 # ================= #
 def pipeline(model_name):
-	"""
-	Unbinned analysis pipeline - keep intermediate results in memory.
-    
+    """
+    Unbinned analysis pipeline - keep intermediate results in memory.
+
     This function implements an analysis pipeline that successively calls
     ctobssim, ctselect and ctlike without saving the intermediate results as
-	FITS files on disk. All data is only hold in memory.
-	"""
-	# Set script parameters
-	caldb       = "prod2"
-	irf         = "South_50h"
-	ra          =   83.63
-	dec         =   22.01
-	rad_sim     =   10.0
-	tstart      =    0.0
-	tstop       = 1800.0
-	emin        =    0.1
-	emax        =  100.0
-	rad_select  =    3.0
-
-	# Write model name
-	print("*** Model: "+model_name+" ************************************")
-
-	# Initialise timing
-	wall_seconds = 0.0
-	cpu_seconds  = 0.0
-
-	# Simulate events
-	sim = ctools.ctobssim()
-	sim["inmodel"] = model_name
-	sim["caldb"]   = caldb
-	sim["irf"]     = irf
-	sim["ra"]      = ra
-	sim["dec"]     = dec
-	sim["rad"]     = rad_sim
-	sim["tmin"]    = tstart
-	sim["tmax"]    = tstop
-	sim["emin"]    = emin
-	sim["emax"]    = emax
-	sim.run()
-
-	# Select events
-	select = ctools.ctselect(sim.obs())
-	select["ra"]   = ra
-	select["dec"]  = dec
-	select["rad"]  = rad_select
-	select["tmin"] = tstart
-	select["tmax"] = tstop
-	select["emin"] = emin
-	select["emax"] = emax
-	select.run()
-
-	# Perform maximum likelihood fitting
-	like = ctools.ctlike(select.obs())
-	like.run()
-
-	# Show model fitting results
-	print(like.obs().models()[0])
-	
-	# Return
-	return
+    FITS files on disk. All data is only hold in memory.
+    """
+    # Set script parameters
+    caldb       = "prod2"
+    irf         = "South_50h"
+    ra          =   83.63
+    dec         =   22.01
+    rad_sim     =   10.0
+    tstart      =    0.0
+    tstop       = 1800.0
+    emin        =    0.1
+    emax        =  100.0
+    rad_select  =    3.0
+
+    # Write model name
+    print("*** Model: "+model_name+" ************************************")
+
+    # Initialise timing
+    wall_seconds = 0.0
+    cpu_seconds  = 0.0
+
+    # Simulate events
+    sim = ctools.ctobssim()
+    sim["inmodel"] = model_name
+    sim["caldb"]   = caldb
+    sim["irf"]     = irf
+    sim["ra"]      = ra
+    sim["dec"]     = dec
+    sim["rad"]     = rad_sim
+    sim["tmin"]    = tstart
+    sim["tmax"]    = tstop
+    sim["emin"]    = emin
+    sim["emax"]    = emax
+    sim.run()
+
+    # Select events
+    select = ctools.ctselect(sim.obs())
+    select["ra"]   = ra
+    select["dec"]  = dec
+    select["rad"]  = rad_select
+    select["tmin"] = tstart
+    select["tmax"] = tstop
+    select["emin"] = emin
+    select["emax"] = emax
+    select.run()
+
+    # Perform maximum likelihood fitting
+    like = ctools.ctlike(select.obs())
+    like.run()
+
+    # Show model fitting results
+    print(like.obs().models()[0])
+
+    # Return
+    return
  
  
 #==========================#
 # Main routine entry point #
 #==========================#
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-	"""
-	Perform unbinned analyses for various models.
-	"""
-	# Initialise flags
-	need_help = False
-	
-	# Test for command line arguments
-	print(sys.argv[0])
-	if (len(sys.argv) > 1):
-		if sys.argv[1] == "-h":
-			need_help = True
-		else:
-			need_help = True			
-
-	# Print help if needed and exit
-	if need_help:
-		print("Usage: check_models.py [OPTIONS]")
-		print("     -h       Display this usage message")
-		sys.exit()
-
-	# Dump header
-	print("*******************************************")
-	print("* Check models using an unbinned analysis *")
-	print("*******************************************")
-		
-	# Perform analysis for Crab model
-	pipeline("$CTOOLS/share/models/crab.xml")
-
-	# Perform analysis for disk model
-	pipeline("$CTOOLS/share/models/disk.xml")
-
-	# Perform analysis for Gaussian model
-	pipeline("$CTOOLS/share/models/gauss.xml")
-	
-	# Perform analysis for shell model
-	pipeline("$CTOOLS/share/models/shell.xml")
+    """
+    Perform unbinned analyses for various models.
+    """
+    # Initialise flags
+    need_help = False
+
+    # Test for command line arguments
+    print(sys.argv[0])
+    if (len(sys.argv) > 1):
+        if sys.argv[1] == "-h":
+            need_help = True
+        else:
+            need_help = True
+
+    # Print help if needed and exit
+    if need_help:
+        print("Usage: check_models.py [OPTIONS]")
+        print("     -h       Display this usage message")
+        sys.exit()
+
+    # Dump header
+    print("*******************************************")
+    print("* Check models using an unbinned analysis *")
+    print("*******************************************")
+
+    # Perform analysis for Crab model
+    pipeline("$CTOOLS/share/models/crab.xml")
+
+    # Perform analysis for disk model
+    pipeline("$CTOOLS/share/models/disk.xml")
+
+    # Perform analysis for Gaussian model
+    pipeline("$CTOOLS/share/models/gauss.xml")
+
+    # Perform analysis for shell model
+    pipeline("$CTOOLS/share/models/shell.xml")
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 # ==========================================================================
-import gammalib
 import sys
 import math
+import gammalib
  
  
 # ============================================================ #
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ def get_positions(xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax, step):
 # ====================== #
 # Setup patch on the sky #
 # ====================== #
-def set_patch(lmin=-30.0, lmax=30.0, bmin=-1.5, bmax=+1.5, \
-              separation=3.0, hours=100.0, \
+def set_patch(lmin=-30.0, lmax=30.0, bmin=-1.5, bmax=+1.5,
+              separation=3.0, hours=100.0,
               site=None, lst=True, autodec=0.0):
     """
     Setup pointing patch on the sky.
@@ -147,11 +147,11 @@ def set_patch(lmin=-30.0, lmax=30.0, bmin=-1.5, bmax=+1.5, \
  
     # Dump statistics
     print("Number of pointings: %d (%.2f sec)" % (n_pnt,duration))
-    print("South array .......: %.2f hours (%.2f%%)" % \
-          (exposure_south/3600.0, \
+    print("South array .......: %.2f hours (%.2f%%)" %
+          (exposure_south/3600.0,
            100.0*exposure_south/(exposure_south+exposure_north)))
-    print("North array .......: %.2f hours (%.2f%%)" % \
-          (exposure_north/3600.0, \
+    print("North array .......: %.2f hours (%.2f%%)" %
+          (exposure_north/3600.0,
            100.0*exposure_north/(exposure_south+exposure_north)))
  
     # Return observation definition
@@ -169,28 +169,28 @@ def set_gps(separation=3.0, bmin=-1.3, bmax=1.3, lst=True):
     obsdef = []
  
     # Add inner region South
-    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=-60.0, lmax=60.0, bmin=bmin, bmax=bmax, \
-                            separation=separation, hours=780, \
+    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=-60.0, lmax=60.0, bmin=bmin, bmax=bmax,
+                            separation=separation, hours=780,
                             site="South", lst=lst))
  
     # Add Vela & Carina region
-    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=240.0, lmax=300.0, bmin=bmin, bmax=bmax, \
-                            separation=separation, hours=180, \
+    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=240.0, lmax=300.0, bmin=bmin, bmax=bmax,
+                            separation=separation, hours=180,
                             site="South", lst=lst))
  
     # Add 210-240 region
-    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=210.0, lmax=240.0, bmin=bmin, bmax=bmax, \
-                            separation=separation, hours=60, \
+    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=210.0, lmax=240.0, bmin=bmin, bmax=bmax,
+                            separation=separation, hours=60,
                             site="South", lst=lst))
  
     # Add Cygnus, Perseus
-    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=60.0, lmax=150.0, bmin=bmin, bmax=bmax, \
-                            separation=separation, hours=450, \
+    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=60.0, lmax=150.0, bmin=bmin, bmax=bmax,
+                            separation=separation, hours=450,
                             site="North", lst=lst))
  
     # Add Anticentre
-    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=150.0, lmax=210.0, bmin=bmin, bmax=bmax, \
-                            separation=separation, hours=150, \
+    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=150.0, lmax=210.0, bmin=bmin, bmax=bmax,
+                            separation=separation, hours=150,
                             site="North", lst=lst))
  
     # Return observation definition
@@ -208,8 +208,8 @@ def set_extgal(separation=3.0, lst=True):
     obsdef = []
  
     # Set patch
-    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=-90.0, lmax=90.0, bmin=+5.0, bmax=+88.0, \
-                            separation=separation, hours=1000, \
+    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=-90.0, lmax=90.0, bmin=+5.0, bmax=+88.0,
+                            separation=separation, hours=1000,
                             site="Automatic", lst=lst, autodec=10.0))
  
     # Return observation definition
@@ -227,13 +227,13 @@ def set_gc(lst=True):
     obsdef = []
  
     # Central wobble
-    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=-0.5, lmax=0.5, bmin=-0.5, bmax=0.5, \
-                            separation=0.1, hours=525, \
+    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=-0.5, lmax=0.5, bmin=-0.5, bmax=0.5,
+                            separation=0.1, hours=525,
                             site="South", lst=lst))
  
     # Extended region
-    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=-10.0, lmax=10.0, bmin=-10.0, bmax=10.0, \
-                            separation=1.5, hours=300, \
+    obsdef.extend(set_patch(lmin=-10.0, lmax=10.0, bmin=-10.0, bmax=10.0,
+                            separation=1.5, hours=300,
                             site="South", lst=lst))
  
     # Return observation definition
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ def write_obsdef(filename, obsdef):
             dec = obs["dec"]
  
         # Write information
-        file.write("%8.4f,%8.4f,%.4f,%s,%s\n" % \
+        file.write("%8.4f,%8.4f,%.4f,%s,%s\n" %
                    (ra, dec, obs['duration'], obs['caldb'], obs['irf']))
  
     # Close file
@@ -387,5 +387,4 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
  
     # Invalid pattern
     else:
-        print("Unknown option \""+obsname+"\"")
-        
+        print('Unknown option "' + obsname + '"')
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 # ==========================================================================
-from ctools import *
-from gammalib import *
-from cspull import *
 import sys
 import time
+import csv
+import gammalib
+from cscripts import cspull
  
 # Try importing processing module
 has_processing = False
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ except:
 # ======================== #
 # Create pull distribution #
 # ======================== #
-def create_pull(loge, emin, emax, models, ntrials=100, duration=180000.0, \
+def create_pull(loge, emin, emax, models, ntrials=100, duration=180000.0,
                 enumbins=0, log=False):
 	"""
 	Create pull distribution
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ def create_model(flux, index=-2.48, fitidx=False):
 	 flux - Flux in Crab units
 	"""
 	# Define background model
-	bgd_radial   = GCTAModelRadialGauss(3.0)
-	bgd_spectrum = GModelSpectralPlaw(61.8, -1.85)
+	bgd_radial   = gammalib.GCTAModelRadialGauss(3.0)
+	bgd_spectrum = gammalib.GModelSpectralPlaw(61.8, -1.85)
 	bgd_spectrum["Prefactor"].scale(1.0e-6)
 	bgd_spectrum["PivotEnergy"].value(1.0)
 	bgd_spectrum["PivotEnergy"].scale(1.0e6)
@@ -103,15 +103,15 @@ def create_model(flux, index=-2.48, fitidx=False):
 		bgd_spectrum["Index"].free()
 	else:
 		bgd_spectrum["Index"].fix()
-	bgd_model = GCTAModelRadialAcceptance(bgd_radial, bgd_spectrum)
+	bgd_model = gammalib.GCTAModelRadialAcceptance(bgd_radial, bgd_spectrum)
 	bgd_model.name("Background")
 	bgd_model.instruments("CTA")
  
 	# Define source spectrum
-	location = GSkyDir()
+	location = gammalib.GSkyDir()
 	location.radec_deg(83.6331, 22.0145)
-	src_spatial  = GModelSpatialPtsrc(location)
-	src_spectrum = GModelSpectralPlaw(flux, index)
+	src_spatial  = gammalib.GModelSpatialPtsrc(location)
+	src_spectrum = gammalib.GModelSpectralPlaw(flux, index)
 	src_spectrum["Prefactor"].scale(5.7e-16)
 	src_spectrum["PivotEnergy"].value(0.3)
 	src_spectrum["PivotEnergy"].scale(1.0e6)
@@ -119,11 +119,11 @@ def create_model(flux, index=-2.48, fitidx=False):
 		src_spectrum["Index"].free()
 	else:
 		src_spectrum["Index"].fix()	
-	src_model = GModelPointSource(src_spatial, src_spectrum)
+	src_model = gammalib.GModelPointSource(src_spatial, src_spectrum)
 	src_model.name("Test")
  
 	# Add models to container
-	models = GModels()
+	models = gammalib.GModels()
 	models.append(bgd_model)
 	models.append(src_model)
  
@@ -141,7 +141,11 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
     cssens script.
 	"""
 	# Get input arguments
-	usage = "make_pull_at_sensitivity_limit filename [max_threads]"
+	usage = """
+	make_pull_at_sensitivity_limit filename [max_threads]
+
+	Run cssens to create the input file.
+	"""
 	if len(sys.argv) < 2 or len(sys.argv) > 3:
 		print(usage)
 		sys.exit()
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 # ==========================================================================
 import gammalib
 import ctools
-from ctools import obsutils
+from cscripts import obsutils
 try:
 	import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 	has_matplotlib = True
@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@ def plot_spectrum(spectrum):
     plt.title("Crab spectrum")
  
     # Plot spectrum
-    plt.loglog(spectrum['energy']['value'], \
+    plt.loglog(spectrum['energy']['value'],
                spectrum['flux']['value'], 'ro', label='Crab')
-    plt.errorbar(spectrum['energy']['value'], \
-                 spectrum['flux']['value'], \
+    plt.errorbar(spectrum['energy']['value'],
+                 spectrum['flux']['value'],
                  spectrum['flux']['ed_value'], ecolor='r')
  
     # Put labels
@@ -115,4 +115,3 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
     # Plot spectrum
     if has_matplotlib:
         plot_spectrum(spectrum)
-    
 \ No newline at end of file
@@ -23,11 +23,12 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 # ==========================================================================
-import gammalib
-from ctools import obsutils
 import os
 import glob
 import sys
+import math
+import gammalib
+from cscripts import obsutils
  
  
 # =========== #
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ def plot_counts(obs):
                 counts[index] = counts[index] + 1.0
  
             # Create error bars
-            error = [sqrt(c) for c in counts]
+            error = [math.sqrt(c) for c in counts]
  
             # Plot spectrum
             plt.loglog(energy, counts, 'ro', label='data')
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ def plot_counts(obs):
                     counts[index] = counts[index] + 1.0
  
             # Create error bars
-            error = [sqrt(c) for c in counts]
+            error = [math.sqrt(c) for c in counts]
  
             # Plot distribution
             #plt.semilogy(offset2, counts, 'ro', label='data')
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 # ==========================================================================
-from ctools.cstsdist import *
 import sys
 import time
+from cscripts import cstsdist
  
 # Try importing processing module
 has_processing = False
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ except:
 # ====================== #
 # Create TS distribution #
 # ====================== #
-def create_ts(loge, emin, emax, ntrials=100, duration=180000.0, \
+def create_ts(loge, emin, emax, ntrials=100, duration=180000.0,
 			  enumbins=0, log=False):
 	"""
 	Create TS distribution.
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
 	max_threads = 1
  
 	# Parameter dictionnary
-	pars = [{'option': '-n', 'value': ntrials}, \
-	        {'option': '-e', 'value': enumbins}, \
-	        {'option': '-d', 'value': duration}, \
+	pars = [{'option': '-n', 'value': ntrials},
+	        {'option': '-e', 'value': enumbins},
+	        {'option': '-d', 'value': duration},
 			{'option': '-m', 'value': max_threads}]
  
 	# Gather parameters from command line
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
  
 			# Set arguments
 			args   = (loge, emin, emax)
-			kwargs = {'ntrials': ntrials, 'enumbins': enumbins, \
+			kwargs = {'ntrials': ntrials, 'enumbins': enumbins,
 			          'duration': duration}
  
 			# Generate pull distribution
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
  
 		# ... no
 		else:
-			create_ts(loge, emin, emax, ntrials=ntrials, enumbins=enumbins, \
+			create_ts(loge, emin, emax, ntrials=ntrials, enumbins=enumbins,
                       duration=duration)
  
 	# Processing support
@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@
 # ==========================================================================
 import gammalib
 import ctools
-from ctools import obsutils
+from cscripts import obsutils
  
  
 # ================== #
 # Setup observations #
 # ================== #
-def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
-                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0, \
-                       deadc=0.95, \
+def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5,
+                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0,
+                       deadc=0.95,
                        caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h"):
     """
     Returns an observation container.
@@ -54,18 +54,18 @@ def setup_observations(pattern=&quot;four&quot;, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
      irf       - Instrument response function (default: cta_dummy_irf)
     """
     # Set list of observations
-    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern, \
-                                             ra=ra, \
-                                             dec=dec, \
+    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern,
+                                             ra=ra,
+                                             dec=dec,
                                              offset=offset)
  
     # Get observation container
-    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list, \
-                                duration=duration, \
-                                emin=emin, \
-                                emax=emax, \
-                                rad=rad, \
-                                caldb=caldb, \
+    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list,
+                                duration=duration,
+                                emin=emin,
+                                emax=emax,
+                                rad=rad,
+                                caldb=caldb,
                                 irf=irf)
  
     # Return observation container
@@ -92,11 +92,11 @@ def setup_model(obs, model=&quot;${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml&quot;):
 # ================================ #
 # Simulation and analysis pipeline #
 # ================================ #
-def run_pipeline(obs, emin=0.1, emax=100.0, \
-                 enumbins=20, nxpix=200, nypix=200, binsz=0.02, \
-                 coordsys="CEL", proj="CAR", \
-                 model="${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml", \
-                 caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h", \
+def run_pipeline(obs, emin=0.1, emax=100.0,
+                 enumbins=20, nxpix=200, nypix=200, binsz=0.02,
+                 coordsys="CEL", proj="CAR",
+                 model="${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml",
+                 caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h",
                  debug=False):
     """
     Simulation and binned analysis pipeline.
@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@
 # ==========================================================================
 import gammalib
 import ctools
-from ctools import obsutils
+from cscripts import obsutils
  
  
 # ================== #
 # Setup observations #
 # ================== #
-def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
-                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0, \
-                       deadc=0.95, \
+def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5,
+                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0,
+                       deadc=0.95,
                        caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h"):
     """
     Returns an observation container.
@@ -54,18 +54,18 @@ def setup_observations(pattern=&quot;four&quot;, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
      irf       - Instrument response function (default: cta_dummy_irf)
     """
     # Set list of observations
-    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern, \
-                                             ra=ra, \
-                                             dec=dec, \
+    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern,
+                                             ra=ra,
+                                             dec=dec,
                                              offset=offset)
  
     # Get observation container
-    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list, \
-                                duration=duration, \
-                                emin=emin, \
-                                emax=emax, \
-                                rad=rad, \
-                                caldb=caldb, \
+    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list,
+                                duration=duration,
+                                emin=emin,
+                                emax=emax,
+                                rad=rad,
+                                caldb=caldb,
                                 irf=irf)
  
     # Return observation container
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ def setup_model(obs, model=&quot;${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml&quot;):
 # ================================ #
 # Simulation and analysis pipeline #
 # ================================ #
-def run_pipeline(obs, emin=0.1, emax=100.0, \
-                 enumbins=20, nxpix=200, nypix=200, binsz=0.02, \
+def run_pipeline(obs, emin=0.1, emax=100.0,
+                 enumbins=20, nxpix=200, nypix=200, binsz=0.02,
                  coordsys="CEL", proj="CAR", debug=False):
     """
     Simulation and binned analysis pipeline.
@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@
 # ==========================================================================
 import gammalib
 import ctools
-from ctools import obsutils
+from cscripts import obsutils
  
  
 # ================== #
 # Setup observations #
 # ================== #
-def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
-                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0, \
-                       deadc=0.95, \
+def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5,
+                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0,
+                       deadc=0.95,
                        caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h"):
     """
     Returns an observation container.
@@ -54,18 +54,18 @@ def setup_observations(pattern=&quot;four&quot;, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
      irf       - Instrument response function (default: cta_dummy_irf)
     """
     # Set list of observations
-    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern, \
-                                             ra=ra, \
-                                             dec=dec, \
+    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern,
+                                             ra=ra,
+                                             dec=dec,
                                              offset=offset)
  
     # Get observation container
-    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list, \
-                                duration=duration, \
-                                emin=emin, \
-                                emax=emax, \
-                                rad=rad, \
-                                caldb=caldb, \
+    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list,
+                                duration=duration,
+                                emin=emin,
+                                emax=emax,
+                                rad=rad,
+                                caldb=caldb,
                                 irf=irf)
  
     # Return observation container
@@ -92,11 +92,11 @@ def setup_model(obs, model=&quot;${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml&quot;):
 # ================================ #
 # Simulation and analysis pipeline #
 # ================================ #
-def run_pipeline(obs, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, emin=0.1, emax=100.0, \
-                 enumbins=20, nxpix=200, nypix=200, binsz=0.02, \
-                 coordsys="CEL", proj="CAR", \
-                 model="${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml", \
-                 caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h", \
+def run_pipeline(obs, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, emin=0.1, emax=100.0,
+                 enumbins=20, nxpix=200, nypix=200, binsz=0.02,
+                 coordsys="CEL", proj="CAR",
+                 model="${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml",
+                 caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h",
                  debug=False):
     """
     Simulation and stacked analysis pipeline.
@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@
 # ==========================================================================
 import gammalib
 import ctools
-from ctools import obsutils
+from cscripts import obsutils
  
  
 # ================== #
 # Setup observations #
 # ================== #
-def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
-                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0, \
-                       deadc=0.95, \
+def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5,
+                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0,
+                       deadc=0.95,
                        caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h"):
     """
     Returns an observation container.
@@ -54,18 +54,18 @@ def setup_observations(pattern=&quot;four&quot;, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
      irf       - Instrument response function (default: cta_dummy_irf)
     """
     # Set list of observations
-    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern, \
-                                             ra=ra, \
-                                             dec=dec, \
+    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern,
+                                             ra=ra,
+                                             dec=dec,
                                              offset=offset)
  
     # Get observation container
-    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list, \
-                                duration=duration, \
-                                emin=emin, \
-                                emax=emax, \
-                                rad=rad, \
-                                caldb=caldb, \
+    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list,
+                                duration=duration,
+                                emin=emin,
+                                emax=emax,
+                                rad=rad,
+                                caldb=caldb,
                                 irf=irf)
  
     # Return observation container
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ def setup_model(obs, model=&quot;${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml&quot;):
 # ================================ #
 # Simulation and analysis pipeline #
 # ================================ #
-def run_pipeline(obs, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, emin=0.1, emax=100.0, \
-                 enumbins=20, nxpix=200, nypix=200, binsz=0.02, \
+def run_pipeline(obs, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, emin=0.1, emax=100.0,
+                 enumbins=20, nxpix=200, nypix=200, binsz=0.02,
                  coordsys="CEL", proj="CAR", debug=False):
     """
     Simulation and stacked analysis pipeline.
@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@
 # ==========================================================================
 import gammalib
 import ctools
-from ctools import obsutils
+from cscripts import obsutils
  
  
 # ================== #
 # Setup observations #
 # ================== #
-def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
-                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0, \
-                       deadc=0.95, \
+def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5,
+                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0,
+                       deadc=0.95,
                        caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h"):
     """
     Returns an observation container.
@@ -54,18 +54,18 @@ def setup_observations(pattern=&quot;four&quot;, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
      irf       - Instrument response function (default: cta_dummy_irf)
     """
     # Set list of observations
-    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern, \
-                                             ra=ra, \
-                                             dec=dec, \
+    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern,
+                                             ra=ra,
+                                             dec=dec,
                                              offset=offset)
  
     # Get observation container
-    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list, \
-                                duration=duration, \
-                                emin=emin, \
-                                emax=emax, \
-                                rad=rad, \
-                                caldb=caldb, \
+    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list,
+                                duration=duration,
+                                emin=emin,
+                                emax=emax,
+                                rad=rad,
+                                caldb=caldb,
                                 irf=irf)
  
     # Return observation container
@@ -92,11 +92,11 @@ def setup_model(obs, model=&quot;${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml&quot;):
 # ================================ #
 # Simulation and analysis pipeline #
 # ================================ #
-def run_pipeline(obs, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, rad=3.0, \
-                 emin=0.1, emax=100.0, \
-                 tmin=0.0, tmax=0.0, \
-                 model="${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml", \
-                 caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h", \
+def run_pipeline(obs, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, rad=3.0,
+                 emin=0.1, emax=100.0,
+                 tmin=0.0, tmax=0.0,
+                 model="${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml",
+                 caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h",
                  debug=False):
     """
     Simulation and unbinned analysis pipeline.
@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@
 # ==========================================================================
 import gammalib
 import ctools
-from ctools import obsutils
+from cscripts import obsutils
  
  
 # ================== #
 # Setup observations #
 # ================== #
-def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
-                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0, \
-                       deadc=0.95, \
+def setup_observations(pattern="four", ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5,
+                       emin=0.1, emax=100.0, rad=5.0, duration=1800.0,
+                       deadc=0.95,
                        caldb="prod2", irf="South_50h"):
     """
     Returns an observation container.
@@ -54,18 +54,18 @@ def setup_observations(pattern=&quot;four&quot;, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, offset=1.5, \
      irf       - Instrument response function (default: cta_dummy_irf)
     """
     # Set list of observations
-    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern, \
-                                             ra=ra, \
-                                             dec=dec, \
+    obs_def_list = obsutils.set_obs_patterns(pattern,
+                                             ra=ra,
+                                             dec=dec,
                                              offset=offset)
  
     # Get observation container
-    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list, \
-                                duration=duration, \
-                                emin=emin, \
-                                emax=emax, \
-                                rad=rad, \
-                                caldb=caldb, \
+    obs = obsutils.set_obs_list(obs_def_list,
+                                duration=duration,
+                                emin=emin,
+                                emax=emax,
+                                rad=rad,
+                                caldb=caldb,
                                 irf=irf)
  
     # Return observation container
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ def setup_model(obs, model=&quot;${CTOOLS}/share/models/crab.xml&quot;):
 # ================================ #
 # Simulation and analysis pipeline #
 # ================================ #
-def run_pipeline(obs, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, rad=3.0, \
-                 emin=0.1, emax=100.0, \
-                 tmin=0.0, tmax=0.0, \
+def run_pipeline(obs, ra=83.63, dec=22.01, rad=3.0,
+                 emin=0.1, emax=100.0,
+                 tmin=0.0, tmax=0.0,
                  debug=False):
     """
     Simulation and unbinned analysis pipeline.
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 # ==========================================================================
 import sys
 import math
-from gammalib import *
+import gammalib
  
  
 # ================= #
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
     filename = sys.argv[1]
  
     # Load PHA spectrum
-    pha = GPha(filename)
+    pha = gammalib.GPha(filename)
     #print(pha)
  
     # Try importing matplotlib
@@ -265,18 +265,18 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
  
     # Set response dictionary
     rsps = [
-            {'dbname':  "dummy", \
-             'rspname': "cta_dummy_irf", \
-             'name':    "Prod1 (Array E, MPIK)", \
-             'color':   "b"}, \
-            {'dbname':  "e", \
-             'rspname': "IFAE20120510_50h", \
-             'name':    "Prod1 (Array E, IFAE)", \
-             'color':   "g"}, \
-            {'dbname':  "aar", \
-             'rspname': "DESY20140105_50h", \
-             'name':    "Prod2 (Aar, DESY)", \
-             'color':   "r"} \
+            {'dbname':  "dummy",
+             'rspname': "cta_dummy_irf",
+             'name':    "Prod1 (Array E, MPIK)",
+             'color':   "b"},
+            {'dbname':  "e",
+             'rspname': "IFAE20120510_50h",
+             'name':    "Prod1 (Array E, IFAE)",
+             'color':   "g"},
+            {'dbname':  "aar",
+             'rspname': "DESY20140105_50h",
+             'name':    "Prod2 (Aar, DESY)",
+             'color':   "r"}
             ]
  
     # Loop over all responses
@@ -297,4 +297,3 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
  
     # Show plot
     plt.show()
-    
 \ No newline at end of file
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ def dist_pdf(values, nbins, title):
 		nbins     += 1
  
 	# Create histogram
-	n, bins, patches = plt.hist(values, nbins, range=[min_value, max_value], \
-	                            align='mid', facecolor='green', \
+	n, bins, patches = plt.hist(values, nbins, range=[min_value, max_value],
+	                            align='mid', facecolor='green',
 								log=True, label="simulations")
  
 	# Create expected distribution (onyl for positive TS). We compute the
@@ -239,9 +239,9 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
 	plot   = "pdf"
  
 	# Parameter dictionnary
-	pars = [{'option': '-n', 'value': nbins}, \
-	        {'option': '-c', 'value': tsname}, \
-	        {'option': '-t', 'value': title}, \
+	pars = [{'option': '-n', 'value': nbins},
+	        {'option': '-c', 'value': tsname},
+	        {'option': '-t', 'value': title},
 			{'option': '-p', 'value': plot}]
  
 	# Gather parameters from command line
@@ -280,5 +280,3 @@ if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
 		dist_pdf(values, nbins, title)
 	else:
 		dist_cdf(values, nbins, title)
-
-	
 \ No newline at end of file
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ except:
 # ======================== #
 # Create CTA observation #
 # ======================== #
-def createobs(ra=86.171648, dec=-1.4774586, rad=5.0, \
-              emin=0.1, emax=100.0, duration=360000.0, deadc=0.95, \
+def createobs(ra=86.171648, dec=-1.4774586, rad=5.0,
+              emin=0.1, emax=100.0, duration=360000.0, deadc=0.95,
               irf="South_50h", caldb="prod2"):
     """
     Create CTA observation.