Pierrick Martin / ctools

Commit 92a171b60e6badd7c58582a83bdcbe60f4450fa0

Authored by Jürgen Knödlseder
1 parent 4d596be4

Update quickstart tutorial

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Showing 30 changed files with 569 additions and 390 deletions
doc/source/users/tutorials/quickstart/binning.rst
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... ... @@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ using the :ref:`ctbin` tool as follows:
20 20  
21 21 $ ctbin
22 22 Input event list or observation definition XML file [events.fits] selected_events.fits
  23 + Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
  24 + Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
23 25 First coordinate of image center in degrees (RA or galactic l) (0-360) [83.63]
24 26 Second coordinate of image center in degrees (DEC or galactic b) (-90-90) [22.51]
25   - Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
26   - Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
27 27 Image scale (in degrees/pixel) [0.02]
28 28 Size of the X axis in pixels [200]
29 29 Size of the Y axis in pixels [200]
... ... @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ using the :ref:`ctbin` tool as follows:
31 31 Lower energy limit (TeV) [0.1]
32 32 Upper energy limit (TeV) [100.0]
33 33 Number of energy bins (1-200) [20]
34   - Output counts cube file [cntcube.fits]
  34 + Output counts cube file or observation definition XML file [cntcube.fits]
35 35  
36 36 In this example the events from file ``selected_events.fits`` will be binned
37 37 into a counts cube stored into the file ``cntcube.fits``. The counts cube
... ... @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ above. The ``EBOUNDS`` table has 20 rows, one for each energy bin, while the
59 59 ``GTI`` table has just a single row, indicating the start and stop time of the
60 60 simulated data.
61 61  
62   -.. figure:: cntmap-fits.jpg
  62 +.. figure:: cntmap_fits.png
63 63 :width: 600px
64 64 :align: center
65 65  
... ... @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ simulated data.
69 69 An image of the first bin, covering the energy range 100 - 141 GeV, is
70 70 shown below:
71 71  
72   -.. figure:: cntmap-map.jpg
  72 +.. figure:: cntmap_map.png
73 73 :height: 400px
74 74 :align: center
75 75  
... ... @@ -80,17 +80,17 @@ reproduced below:
80 80  
81 81 .. code-block:: none
82 82  
83   - 2018-01-24T14:23:03: +=================+
84   - 2018-01-24T14:23:03: | Bin observation |
85   - 2018-01-24T14:23:03: +=================+
86   - 2018-01-24T14:23:03: === CTA observation (id=000001) ===
87   - 2018-01-24T14:23:03: Events in list ............: 21974
88   - 2018-01-24T14:23:03: Events in cube ............: 18799
89   - 2018-01-24T14:23:03: Events outside RoI ........: 0
90   - 2018-01-24T14:23:03: Events with invalid WCS ...: 0
91   - 2018-01-24T14:23:03: Events outside cube area ..: 3175
92   - 2018-01-24T14:23:03: Events outside energy bins : 0
93   -
94   -From the 21974 events that were simulated and stored in the
95   -``selected_events.fits`` file, 18799 lie within the cube boundaries and are thus
  83 + 2019-04-02T13:46:34: +=================+
  84 + 2019-04-02T13:46:34: | Bin observation |
  85 + 2019-04-02T13:46:34: +=================+
  86 + 2019-04-02T13:46:34: === CTA observation (id=000001) ===
  87 + 2019-04-02T13:46:34: Events in list ............: 22708
  88 + 2019-04-02T13:46:34: Events in cube ............: 19452
  89 + 2019-04-02T13:46:34: Events outside RoI ........: 0
  90 + 2019-04-02T13:46:34: Events with invalid WCS ...: 0
  91 + 2019-04-02T13:46:34: Events outside cube area ..: 3256
  92 + 2019-04-02T13:46:34: Events outside energy bins : 0
  93 +
  94 +From the 22708 events that were simulated and stored in the
  95 +``selected_events.fits`` file, 19452 lie within the cube boundaries and are thus
96 96 put into the resulting counts cube.
... ...
doc/source/users/tutorials/quickstart/butterfly.jpg deleted
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doc/source/users/tutorials/quickstart/butterfly.rst
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... ... @@ -38,15 +38,15 @@ default is set to 100. Below an excerpt of the first lines of the
38 38  
39 39 .. code-block:: none
40 40  
41   - 103514.216667934 8.08473784238882e-15 7.8714657958793e-15 8.29800988889835e-15
42   - 110917.48152624 6.81070529541223e-15 6.63639780809342e-15 6.98501278273104e-15
43   - 118850.222743702 5.73744103089563e-15 5.59501033791654e-15 5.87987172387472e-15
44   - 127350.308101666 4.83330700055084e-15 4.71693954114459e-15 4.94967445995709e-15
  41 + 103514.216667934 8.17999288138647e-15 7.96480369463198e-15 8.39518206814095e-15
  42 + 110917.48152624 6.88846691601701e-15 6.71266078582656e-15 7.06427304620745e-15
  43 + 118850.222743702 5.80085791529665e-15 5.65725791756428e-15 5.94445791302902e-15
  44 + 127350.308101666 4.88496975650954e-15 4.76769161306379e-15 5.00224789995529e-15
45 45 ...
46 46  
47 47 A graphical display of the results is shown below:
48 48  
49   -.. figure:: butterfly.jpg
  49 +.. figure:: butterfly.png
50 50 :width: 600px
51 51 :align: center
52 52  
... ...
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doc/source/users/tutorials/quickstart/ctools-from-python.ipynb
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... ... @@ -175,7 +175,10 @@
175 175 "\r\n",
176 176 "tmax [time]\r\n",
177 177 " Stop time (UTC string, JD, MJD or MET in seconds).\r\n",
178   - "\r",
  178 + "\r\n",
  179 + "(mjdref = 51544.5) [real]\r\n",
  180 + " Reference Modified Julian Day (MJD) for simulated events. The times in\r\n",
  181 + " seconds for each event are counted from this reference time on.\r\n",
179 182 "\r\n",
180 183 "emin [real]\r\n",
181 184 " Lower energy limit of simulated events (in TeV).\r\n",
... ... @@ -197,6 +200,9 @@
197 200 "Standard parameters\r\n",
198 201 "-------------------\r\n",
199 202 "\r\n",
  203 + "(nthreads = 0) [integer]\r\n",
  204 + " Number of parallel processes (0=use all available CPUs).\r\n",
  205 + "\r\n",
200 206 "(publish = no) [boolean]\r\n",
201 207 " Specifies whether the event list(s) should be published on VO Hub.\r\n",
202 208 "\r\n",
... ... @@ -275,7 +281,7 @@
275 281 "=== GObservations ===\n",
276 282 " Number of observations ....: 1\n",
277 283 " Number of models ..........: 2\n",
278   - " Number of observed events .: 200741\n",
  284 + " Number of observed events .: 204568\n",
279 285 " Number of predicted events : 0\n"
280 286 ]
281 287 }
... ... @@ -318,9 +324,9 @@
318 324 " Caldb instrument ..........: prod2\n",
319 325 " Response name .............: South_0.5h\n",
320 326 " Energy dispersion .........: Not used\n",
321   - " Save energy range .........: undefined\n",
  327 + " Safe energy range .........: undefined\n",
322 328 "=== GCTAEventList ===\n",
323   - " Number of events ..........: 200741 (disposed in \"events.fits\")\n",
  329 + " Number of events ..........: 204568 (disposed in \"events.fits\")\n",
324 330 " Time interval .............: 58849.0008007407 - 58849.0424674074 days\n",
325 331 " Energy interval ...........: 0.03 - 150 TeV\n",
326 332 " Region of interest ........: RA=83.5, DEC=22.8 [0,0] Radius=5 deg\n",
... ... @@ -373,9 +379,9 @@
373 379 "outputs": [
374 380 {
375 381 "data": {
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377 383 "text/plain": [
378   - "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x108a56950>"
  384 + "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x1067bc490>"
379 385 ]
380 386 },
381 387 "metadata": {},
... ... @@ -440,7 +446,7 @@
440 446 "output_type": "stream",
441 447 "text": [
442 448 "=== GOptimizerLM ===\n",
443   - " Optimized function value ..: 755051.482\n",
  449 + " Optimized function value ..: 766517.033\n",
444 450 " Absolute precision ........: 0.005\n",
445 451 " Acceptable value decrease .: 2\n",
446 452 " Optimization status .......: converged\n",
... ... @@ -486,8 +492,8 @@
486 492 " RA .......................: 83.6331 [-360,360] deg (fixed,scale=1)\n",
487 493 " DEC ......................: 22.0145 [-90,90] deg (fixed,scale=1)\n",
488 494 " Number of spectral par's ..: 3\n",
489   - " Prefactor ................: 5.69396634052842e-16 +/- 6.14427401423559e-18 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)\n",
490   - " Index ....................: -2.4703556883579 +/- 0.00792538918685176 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)\n",
  495 + " Prefactor ................: 5.71641985530777e-16 +/- 6.16044729438793e-18 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)\n",
  496 + " Index ....................: -2.47207574641491 +/- 0.00792255648868446 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)\n",
491 497 " PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)\n",
492 498 " Number of temporal par's ..: 1\n",
493 499 " Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)\n",
... ... @@ -499,8 +505,8 @@
499 505 " Model type ................: \"PowerLaw\" * \"Constant\"\n",
500 506 " Number of parameters ......: 4\n",
501 507 " Number of spectral par's ..: 3\n",
502   - " Prefactor ................: 0.9951294839032 +/- 0.00725734189801964 [0.001,1000] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)\n",
503   - " Index ....................: -0.00197954530750781 +/- 0.00257407441298647 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)\n",
  508 + " Prefactor ................: 0.999546835049722 +/- 0.00722086200687532 [0.001,1000] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)\n",
  509 + " Index ....................: -0.000149670672999089 +/- 0.00255125105704583 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)\n",
504 510 " PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)\n",
505 511 " Number of temporal par's ..: 1\n",
506 512 " Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)\n"
... ... @@ -527,7 +533,7 @@
527 533 "name": "stdout",
528 534 "output_type": "stream",
529 535 "text": [
530   - "755051.481962\n"
  536 + "766517.033411\n"
531 537 ]
532 538 }
533 539 ],
... ... @@ -564,11 +570,11 @@
564 570 " Model components ..........: \"PointSource\" * \"PowerLaw\" * \"Constant\"\n",
565 571 " Number of parameters ......: 6\n",
566 572 " Number of spatial par's ...: 2\n",
567   - " RA .......................: 83.6324977668637 +/- 0.000645834980167342 [-360,360] deg (free,scale=1)\n",
568   - " DEC ......................: 22.0156097018479 +/- 0.000603833638486857 [-90,90] deg (free,scale=1)\n",
  573 + " RA .......................: 83.6321512928169 +/- 0.000642709898034108 [-360,360] deg (free,scale=1)\n",
  574 + " DEC ......................: 22.0153650383811 +/- 0.000605599763935102 [-90,90] deg (free,scale=1)\n",
569 575 " Number of spectral par's ..: 3\n",
570   - " Prefactor ................: 5.69123259664292e-16 +/- 6.14234382363775e-18 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)\n",
571   - " Index ....................: -2.47037429659339 +/- 0.00792634862711166 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)\n",
  576 + " Prefactor ................: 5.71414829573802e-16 +/- 6.15917758147358e-18 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)\n",
  577 + " Index ....................: -2.47211135009306 +/- 0.0079230681070739 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)\n",
572 578 " PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)\n",
573 579 " Number of temporal par's ..: 1\n",
574 580 " Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)\n",
... ... @@ -580,8 +586,8 @@
580 586 " Model type ................: \"PowerLaw\" * \"Constant\"\n",
581 587 " Number of parameters ......: 4\n",
582 588 " Number of spectral par's ..: 3\n",
583   - " Prefactor ................: 0.995120900180708 +/- 0.00725727612144389 [0.001,1000] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)\n",
584   - " Index ....................: -0.00198038808966019 +/- 0.00257407550475833 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)\n",
  589 + " Prefactor ................: 0.999542788067004 +/- 0.00722079542969056 [0.001,1000] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)\n",
  590 + " Index ....................: -0.00014887248036908 +/- 0.00255123898184119 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)\n",
585 591 " PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)\n",
586 592 " Number of temporal par's ..: 1\n",
587 593 " Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)\n"
... ... @@ -611,7 +617,7 @@
611 617 "name": "stdout",
612 618 "output_type": "stream",
613 619 "text": [
614   - "4.27571920515\n"
  620 + "4.2173620963\n"
615 621 ]
616 622 }
617 623 ],
... ...
doc/source/users/tutorials/quickstart/energy_dispersion.rst
  View file @92a171b
... ... @@ -48,9 +48,7 @@ You then select events from the simulated data as before using the
48 48  
49 49 $ ctselect
50 50 Input event list or observation definition XML file [events.fits] events_edisp.fits
51   - RA for ROI centre (degrees) (0-360) [83.63]
52   - Dec for ROI centre (degrees) (-90-90) [22.51]
53   - Radius of ROI (degrees) (0-180) [3.0]
  51 + Radius of ROI around pointing or specified RA/DEC (degrees) (0-180) [3.0]
54 52 Start time (UTC string, JD, MJD or MET in seconds) [2020-01-01T00:10:00]
55 53 Stop time (UTC string, JD, MJD or MET in seconds) [2020-01-01T00:40:00]
56 54 Lower energy limit (TeV) [0.1]
... ... @@ -64,10 +62,10 @@ Then you bin as before the selected events into a counts cube using the
64 62  
65 63 $ ctbin
66 64 Input event list or observation definition XML file [selected_events.fits] selected_events_edisp.fits
  65 + Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
  66 + Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
67 67 First coordinate of image center in degrees (RA or galactic l) (0-360) [83.63]
68 68 Second coordinate of image center in degrees (DEC or galactic b) (-90-90) [22.51]
69   - Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
70   - Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
71 69 Image scale (in degrees/pixel) [0.02]
72 70 Size of the X axis in pixels [200]
73 71 Size of the Y axis in pixels [200]
... ... @@ -75,7 +73,7 @@ Then you bin as before the selected events into a counts cube using the
75 73 Lower energy limit (TeV) [0.1]
76 74 Upper energy limit (TeV) [100.0]
77 75 Number of energy bins (1-200) [20]
78   - Output counts cube file [cntcube.fits] cntcube_edisp.fits
  76 + Output counts cube file or observation definition XML file [cntcube.fits] cntcube_edisp.fits
79 77  
80 78 As next step you need to compute the
81 79 :ref:`energy dispersion cube <glossary_edispcube>`
... ... @@ -84,22 +82,22 @@ using the :ref:`ctexpcube` tool. You run the tool as follows:
84 82 .. code-block:: bash
85 83  
86 84 $ ctedispcube
87   - Input event list or observation definition XML file [NONE] selected_events_edisp.fits
88   - Calibration database [prod2]
89   - Instrument response function [South_0.5h]
90   - Input counts cube file to extract energy dispersion cube definition [NONE]
91   - First coordinate of image center in degrees (RA or galactic l) (0-360) [83.63]
92   - Second coordinate of image center in degrees (DEC or galactic b) (-90-90) [22.51]
93   - Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
94   - Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
95   - Image scale (in degrees/pixel) [1.0]
96   - Size of the X axis in pixels [10]
97   - Size of the Y axis in pixels [10]
98   - Algorithm for defining energy bins (FILE|LIN|LOG) [LOG]
99   - Lower energy limit (TeV) [0.1]
100   - Upper energy limit (TeV) [100.0]
101   - Number of energy bins (1-200) [20]
102   - Output energy dispersion cube file [edispcube.fits]
  85 + Input event list or observation definition XML file [NONE] selected_events_edisp.fits
  86 + Calibration database [prod2]
  87 + Instrument response function [South_0.5h]
  88 + Input counts cube file to extract energy dispersion cube definition [NONE]
  89 + Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
  90 + Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
  91 + First coordinate of image center in degrees (RA or galactic l) (0-360) [83.63]
  92 + Second coordinate of image center in degrees (DEC or galactic b) (-90-90) [22.51]
  93 + Image scale (in degrees/pixel) [1.0]
  94 + Size of the X axis in pixels [10]
  95 + Size of the Y axis in pixels [10]
  96 + Algorithm for defining energy bins (FILE|LIN|LOG) [LOG]
  97 + Lower energy limit (TeV) [0.1]
  98 + Upper energy limit (TeV) [100.0]
  99 + Number of energy bins (1-1000) [20]
  100 + Output energy dispersion cube file [edispcube.fits]
103 101  
104 102 Now you are ready to perform a binned maximum likelihood analysis taking the
105 103 energy dispersion into account. You do this by running the :ref:`ctlike` tool
... ... @@ -112,11 +110,71 @@ energy dispersion cube:
112 110 Input event list, counts cube or observation definition XML file [selected_events.fits] cntcube_edisp.fits
113 111 Input exposure cube file [expcube.fits]
114 112 Input PSF cube file [psfcube.fits]
115   - Input energy dispersion cube file [NONE] edispcube.fits
116 113 Input background cube file [bkgcube.fits]
  114 + Input energy dispersion cube file [NONE] edispcube.fits
117 115 Input model definition XML file [$CTOOLS/share/models/crab.xml] models.xml
118 116 Output model definition XML file [crab_results.xml] crab_results_edisp.xml
119 117  
  118 +And here is the output in the log file:
  119 +
  120 +.. code-block:: none
  121 +
  122 + 2019-04-02T14:20:38: +=================================+
  123 + 2019-04-02T14:20:38: | Maximum likelihood optimisation |
  124 + 2019-04-02T14:20:38: +=================================+
  125 + 2019-04-02T14:21:49: >Iteration 0: -logL=57889.195, Lambda=1.0e-03
  126 + 2019-04-02T14:22:51: >Iteration 1: -logL=57887.419, Lambda=1.0e-03, delta=1.776, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=1.111374 [Index:3]
  127 + 2019-04-02T14:23:54: >Iteration 2: -logL=57887.417, Lambda=1.0e-04, delta=0.002, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=-0.005923 [Index:7]
  128 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57:
  129 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: +=========================================+
  130 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: | Maximum likelihood optimisation results |
  131 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: +=========================================+
  132 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: === GOptimizerLM ===
  133 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Optimized function value ..: 57887.417
  134 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Absolute precision ........: 0.005
  135 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Acceptable value decrease .: 2
  136 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Optimization status .......: converged
  137 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of parameters ......: 10
  138 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of free parameters .: 4
  139 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of iterations ......: 2
  140 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Lambda ....................: 1e-05
  141 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Maximum log likelihood ....: -57887.417
  142 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Observed events (Nobs) ...: 19137.000
  143 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Predicted events (Npred) ..: 19136.996 (Nobs - Npred = 0.00354148293627077)
  144 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: === GModels ===
  145 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of models ..........: 2
  146 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of parameters ......: 10
  147 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: === GModelSky ===
  148 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Name ......................: Crab
  149 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Instruments ...............: all
  150 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  151 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Observation identifiers ...: all
  152 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Model type ................: PointSource
  153 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Model components ..........: "PointSource" * "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  154 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of parameters ......: 6
  155 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of spatial par's ...: 2
  156 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: RA .......................: 83.6331 [-360,360] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  157 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: DEC ......................: 22.0145 [-90,90] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  158 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  159 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Prefactor ................: 5.52559284054621e-16 +/- 9.88229994960437e-18 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)
  160 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Index ....................: -2.48163444213634 +/- 0.015305403980771 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)
  161 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  162 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  163 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  164 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: === GCTAModelCubeBackground ===
  165 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Name ......................: BackgroundModel
  166 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Instruments ...............: CTA, HESS, MAGIC, VERITAS
  167 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  168 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Observation identifiers ...: all
  169 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Model type ................: "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  170 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of parameters ......: 4
  171 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  172 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Prefactor ................: 1.00540991217377 +/- 0.0157241034891596 [0.01,100] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)
  173 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Index ....................: 0.00380886384530723 +/- 0.00942814666809632 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)
  174 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  175 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  176 + 2019-04-02T14:24:57: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  177 +
120 178 You can also perform an unbinned maximum likelihood analysis taking the energy
121 179 dispersion into account. In that case the energy dispersion information will be
122 180 directly determined from the
... ... @@ -131,3 +189,65 @@ and no energy dispersion cube is required:
131 189 Instrument response function [South_0.5h]
132 190 Input model definition XML file [models.xml] $CTOOLS/share/models/crab.xml
133 191 Output model definition XML file [crab_results_edisp.xml]
  192 +
  193 +Here the output in the log file:
  194 +
  195 +.. code-block:: none
  196 +
  197 + 2019-04-02T14:26:58: +=================================+
  198 + 2019-04-02T14:26:58: | Maximum likelihood optimisation |
  199 + 2019-04-02T14:26:58: +=================================+
  200 + 2019-04-02T14:27:00: >Iteration 0: -logL=143060.165, Lambda=1.0e-03
  201 + 2019-04-02T14:27:02: >Iteration 1: -logL=143059.529, Lambda=1.0e-03, delta=0.636, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=-0.938341 [Prefactor:6]
  202 + 2019-04-02T14:27:04: >Iteration 2: -logL=143059.529, Lambda=1.0e-04, delta=0.000, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=-0.002461 [Index:7]
  203 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05:
  204 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: +=========================================+
  205 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: | Maximum likelihood optimisation results |
  206 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: +=========================================+
  207 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: === GOptimizerLM ===
  208 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Optimized function value ..: 143059.529
  209 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Absolute precision ........: 0.005
  210 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Acceptable value decrease .: 2
  211 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Optimization status .......: converged
  212 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of parameters ......: 10
  213 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of free parameters .: 4
  214 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of iterations ......: 2
  215 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Lambda ....................: 1e-05
  216 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Maximum log likelihood ....: -143059.529
  217 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Observed events (Nobs) ...: 22407.000
  218 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Predicted events (Npred) ..: 22406.999 (Nobs - Npred = 0.000615512442891486)
  219 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: === GModels ===
  220 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of models ..........: 2
  221 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of parameters ......: 10
  222 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: === GModelSky ===
  223 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Name ......................: Crab
  224 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Instruments ...............: all
  225 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  226 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Observation identifiers ...: all
  227 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Model type ................: PointSource
  228 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Model components ..........: "PointSource" * "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  229 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of parameters ......: 6
  230 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of spatial par's ...: 2
  231 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: RA .......................: 83.6331 [-360,360] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  232 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: DEC ......................: 22.0145 [-90,90] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  233 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  234 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Prefactor ................: 5.61701723486666e-16 +/- 1.00237442767986e-17 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)
  235 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Index ....................: -2.48356027289941 +/- 0.0152626158555975 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)
  236 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  237 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  238 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  239 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: === GCTAModelIrfBackground ===
  240 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Name ......................: CTABackgroundModel
  241 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Instruments ...............: CTA
  242 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  243 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Observation identifiers ...: all
  244 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Model type ................: "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  245 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of parameters ......: 4
  246 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  247 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Prefactor ................: 1.0079566950951 +/- 0.0133706835965654 [0.001,1000] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)
  248 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Index ....................: 0.00303753293882809 +/- 0.00807470190154737 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)
  249 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  250 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  251 + 2019-04-02T14:27:05: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  252 +
  253 +
... ...
doc/source/users/tutorials/quickstart/fitting.rst
  View file @92a171b
... ... @@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ that was produced by the run:
53 53 <source_library title="source library">
54 54 <source name="Crab" type="PointSource">
55 55 <spectrum type="PowerLaw">
56   - <parameter name="Prefactor" value="5.76059824355157" error="0.100804418203193" scale="1e-16" min="1e-07" max="1000" free="1" />
57   - <parameter name="Index" value="2.48246178370535" error="0.0150306767905499" scale="-1" min="0" max="5" free="1" />
  56 + <parameter name="Prefactor" value="5.79620732342312" error="0.101207859506902" scale="1e-16" min="1e-07" max="1000" free="1" />
  57 + <parameter name="Index" value="2.48767829376908" error="0.0150183262185825" scale="-1" min="0" max="5" free="1" />
58 58 <parameter name="PivotEnergy" value="0.3" scale="1000000" min="0.01" max="1000" free="0" />
59 59 </spectrum>
60 60 <spatialModel type="PointSource">
... ... @@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ that was produced by the run:
64 64 </source>
65 65 <source name="BackgroundModel" type="CTACubeBackground" instrument="CTA,HESS,MAGIC,VERITAS">
66 66 <spectrum type="PowerLaw">
67   - <parameter name="Prefactor" value="1.00863986588954" error="0.0159030370642366" scale="1" min="0.01" max="100" free="1" />
68   - <parameter name="Index" value="0.0113292722406164" error="0.00951929088334377" scale="1" min="-5" max="5" free="1" />
  67 + <parameter name="Prefactor" value="0.997287677101311" error="0.0156090791023617" scale="1" min="0.01" max="100" free="1" />
  68 + <parameter name="Index" value="-0.00905917021700502" error="0.00939297053758322" scale="1" min="-5" max="5" free="1" />
69 69 <parameter name="PivotEnergy" value="1" scale="1000000" free="0" />
70 70 </spectrum>
71 71 </source>
... ... @@ -100,61 +100,61 @@ Below the last lines of the log file that was produced by this run:
100 100  
101 101 .. code-block:: none
102 102  
103   - 2018-01-24T14:29:51: +=================================+
104   - 2018-01-24T14:29:51: | Maximum likelihood optimisation |
105   - 2018-01-24T14:29:51: +=================================+
106   - 2018-01-24T14:29:51: >Iteration 0: -logL=56469.945, Lambda=1.0e-03
107   - 2018-01-24T14:29:52: >Iteration 1: -logL=56468.674, Lambda=1.0e-03, delta=1.271, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=-1.725465 [Prefactor:6]
108   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: >Iteration 2: -logL=56468.674, Lambda=1.0e-04, delta=0.000, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=-0.020159 [Index:7]
109   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53:
110   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: +=========================================+
111   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: | Maximum likelihood optimisation results |
112   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: +=========================================+
113   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: === GOptimizerLM ===
114   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Optimized function value ..: 56468.674
115   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Absolute precision ........: 0.005
116   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Acceptable value decrease .: 2
117   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Optimization status .......: converged
118   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of parameters ......: 10
119   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of free parameters .: 4
120   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of iterations ......: 2
121   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Lambda ....................: 1e-05
122   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Maximum log likelihood ....: -56468.674
123   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Observed events (Nobs) ...: 18799.000
124   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Predicted events (Npred) ..: 18798.998 (Nobs - Npred = 0.00197278879204532)
125   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: === GModels ===
126   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of models ..........: 2
127   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of parameters ......: 10
128   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: === GModelSky ===
129   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Name ......................: Crab
130   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Instruments ...............: all
131   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
132   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Observation identifiers ...: all
133   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Model type ................: PointSource
134   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Model components ..........: "PointSource" * "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
135   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of parameters ......: 6
136   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of spatial par's ...: 2
137   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: RA .......................: 83.6331 [-360,360] deg (fixed,scale=1)
138   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: DEC ......................: 22.0145 [-90,90] deg (fixed,scale=1)
139   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
140   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Prefactor ................: 5.76059824355157e-16 +/- 1.00804418203193e-17 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)
141   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Index ....................: -2.48246178370535 +/- 0.0150306767905499 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)
142   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
143   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
144   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
145   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: === GCTAModelCubeBackground ===
146   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Name ......................: BackgroundModel
147   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Instruments ...............: CTA, HESS, MAGIC, VERITAS
148   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
149   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Observation identifiers ...: all
150   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Model type ................: "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
151   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of parameters ......: 4
152   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
153   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Prefactor ................: 1.00863986588954 +/- 0.0159030370642366 [0.01,100] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)
154   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Index ....................: 0.0113292722406164 +/- 0.00951929088334377 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)
155   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
156   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
157   - 2018-01-24T14:29:53: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  103 + 2019-04-02T13:55:43: +=================================+
  104 + 2019-04-02T13:55:43: | Maximum likelihood optimisation |
  105 + 2019-04-02T13:55:43: +=================================+
  106 + 2019-04-02T13:55:44: >Iteration 0: -logL=57895.557, Lambda=1.0e-03
  107 + 2019-04-02T13:55:46: >Iteration 1: -logL=57893.741, Lambda=1.0e-03, delta=1.815, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=5.091294 [Index:7]
  108 + 2019-04-02T13:55:47: >Iteration 2: -logL=57893.740, Lambda=1.0e-04, delta=0.001, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=0.076392 [Index:7]
  109 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48:
  110 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: +=========================================+
  111 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: | Maximum likelihood optimisation results |
  112 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: +=========================================+
  113 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: === GOptimizerLM ===
  114 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Optimized function value ..: 57893.740
  115 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Absolute precision ........: 0.005
  116 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Acceptable value decrease .: 2
  117 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Optimization status .......: converged
  118 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of parameters ......: 10
  119 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of free parameters .: 4
  120 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of iterations ......: 2
  121 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Lambda ....................: 1e-05
  122 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Maximum log likelihood ....: -57893.740
  123 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Observed events (Nobs) ...: 19452.000
  124 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Predicted events (Npred) ..: 19451.999 (Nobs - Npred = 0.00144846074545057)
  125 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: === GModels ===
  126 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of models ..........: 2
  127 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of parameters ......: 10
  128 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: === GModelSky ===
  129 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Name ......................: Crab
  130 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Instruments ...............: all
  131 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  132 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Observation identifiers ...: all
  133 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Model type ................: PointSource
  134 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Model components ..........: "PointSource" * "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  135 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of parameters ......: 6
  136 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of spatial par's ...: 2
  137 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: RA .......................: 83.6331 [-360,360] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  138 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: DEC ......................: 22.0145 [-90,90] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  139 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  140 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Prefactor ................: 5.79620732342312e-16 +/- 1.01207859506902e-17 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)
  141 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Index ....................: -2.48767829376908 +/- 0.0150183262185825 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)
  142 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  143 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  144 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  145 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: === GCTAModelCubeBackground ===
  146 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Name ......................: BackgroundModel
  147 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Instruments ...............: CTA, HESS, MAGIC, VERITAS
  148 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  149 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Observation identifiers ...: all
  150 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Model type ................: "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  151 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of parameters ......: 4
  152 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  153 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Prefactor ................: 0.997287677101311 +/- 0.0156090791023617 [0.01,100] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)
  154 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Index ....................: -0.00905917021700502 +/- 0.00939297053758322 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)
  155 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  156 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  157 + 2019-04-02T13:55:48: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
158 158  
159 159 The maximum likelihood optimizer required 2 iterations to converge. This
160 160 is pretty fast, but recall that you used the same model file for the simulation
... ... @@ -200,13 +200,13 @@ are not too far from the best fitting values).
200 200  
201 201 .. code-block:: none
202 202  
203   - 2018-01-24T14:32:49: Name ......................: Crab
204   - 2018-01-24T14:32:49: Instruments ...............: all
205   - 2018-01-24T14:32:49: Test Statistic ............: 21626.0036468824
  203 + 2019-04-02T13:58:58: Name ......................: Crab
  204 + 2019-04-02T13:58:58: Instruments ...............: all
  205 + 2019-04-02T13:58:58: Test Statistic ............: 21529.9862965408
206 206  
207 207 The Test Statistic value will also be added as new attribute
208 208 ``ts`` to the XML result file:
209 209  
210 210 .. code-block:: xml
211 211  
212   - <source name="Crab" type="PointSource" ts="21626.004" tscalc="1">
  212 + <source name="Crab" type="PointSource" ts="21529.986" tscalc="1">
... ...
doc/source/users/tutorials/quickstart/onoff.rst
  View file @92a171b
... ... @@ -49,12 +49,15 @@ To derive On/Off observations from the ``events_edisp.fits`` event list, type:
49 49 Input event list or observation definition XML file [obs.xml] events_edisp.fits
50 50 Calibration database [prod2]
51 51 Instrument response function [South_0.5h]
  52 + Input model definition XML file (if NONE, use point source) [NONE] $CTOOLS/share/models/crab.xml
  53 + Source name [Crab]
52 54 Algorithm for defining energy bins (FILE|LIN|LOG) [LOG]
53 55 Start value for first energy bin in TeV [0.1]
54 56 Stop value for last energy bin in TeV [100.0]
55 57 Number of energy bins [120] 30
56 58 Stack multiple observations into single PHA, ARF and RMF files? [no]
57 59 Output observation definition XML file [onoff_obs.xml]
  60 + Output model definition XML file [onoff_model.xml]
58 61 Method for background estimation (REFLECTED|CUSTOM) [REFLECTED]
59 62 Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
60 63 Right Ascension of source region centre (deg) (0-360) [83.63]
... ... @@ -121,6 +124,34 @@ into the spectral response computation.
121 124 location) can be set using the hidden ``prefix`` parameter of
122 125 :ref:`csphagen`.
123 126  
  127 +:ref:`csphagen` also produced the
  128 +:ref:`model definition XML file <glossary_moddef>`
  129 +``onoff_model.xml`` that can be directly used for model fitting:
  130 +
  131 +.. code-block:: xml
  132 +
  133 + <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
  134 + <source_library title="source library">
  135 + <source name="Crab" type="PointSource">
  136 + <spectrum type="PowerLaw">
  137 + <parameter name="Prefactor" value="5.7" error="0" scale="1e-16" min="1e-07" max="1000" free="1" />
  138 + <parameter name="Index" value="2.48" error="0" scale="-1" min="0" max="5" free="1" />
  139 + <parameter name="PivotEnergy" value="0.3" scale="1000000" min="0.01" max="1000" free="0" />
  140 + </spectrum>
  141 + <spatialModel type="PointSource">
  142 + <parameter name="RA" value="83.6331" scale="1" min="-360" max="360" free="0" />
  143 + <parameter name="DEC" value="22.0145" scale="1" min="-90" max="90" free="0" />
  144 + </spatialModel>
  145 + </source>
  146 + <source name="CTABackgroundModel" type="CTAIrfBackground" instrument="CTAOnOff">
  147 + <spectrum type="PowerLaw">
  148 + <parameter name="Prefactor" value="1" error="0" scale="1" min="0.001" max="1000" free="1" />
  149 + <parameter name="Index" value="0" error="0" scale="1" min="-5" max="5" free="1" />
  150 + <parameter name="PivotEnergy" value="1" scale="1000000" min="0.01" max="1000" free="0" />
  151 + </spectrum>
  152 + </source>
  153 + </source_library>
  154 +
124 155 There are also come ancillary `ds9 <http://ds9.si.edu>`_ region files, that show
125 156 the On region and the Off regions, ``onoff_on.reg`` and
126 157 ``onoff_off.reg``, respectively. Below there is
... ... @@ -135,43 +166,8 @@ the On and Off regions.
135 166 the green circles the Off regions, and the white circle the On
136 167 region.*
137 168  
138   -Now you are ready to fit a model to the On/Off data. As usual, you need to
139   -create for this purpose a
140   -:ref:`model definition file <glossary_moddef>`.
141   -So far, only fitting of point sources is supported, hence you need a single
142   -point source as celestial component of the
143   -:ref:`model definition file <glossary_moddef>`.
144   -As background component you need to add a ``CTAIrfBackground`` model for
145   -the ``CTAOnOff`` instrument, which is the instrument code that defines an
146   -On/Off analysis. Your
147   -:ref:`model definition XML file <glossary_moddef>`
148   -should look as follows:
149   -
150   -.. code-block:: bash
151   -
152   - <?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?>
153   - <source_library title="source library">
154   - <source name="Crab" type="PointSource">
155   - <spectrum type="PowerLaw">
156   - <parameter name="Prefactor" scale="1e-16" value="5.7" min="1e-07" max="1000.0" free="1"/>
157   - <parameter name="Index" scale="-1" value="2.48" min="0.0" max="+5.0" free="1"/>
158   - <parameter name="PivotEnergy" scale="1e6" value="0.3" min="0.01" max="1000.0" free="0"/>
159   - </spectrum>
160   - <spatialModel type="PointSource">
161   - <parameter name="RA" scale="1.0" value="83.6331" min="-360" max="360" free="0"/>
162   - <parameter name="DEC" scale="1.0" value="22.0145" min="-90" max="90" free="0"/>
163   - </spatialModel>
164   - </source>
165   - <source name="CTABackgroundModel" type="CTAIrfBackground" instrument="CTAOnOff">
166   - <spectrum type="PowerLaw">
167   - <parameter name="Prefactor" scale="1.0" value="1.0" min="1e-3" max="1e+3" free="1"/>
168   - <parameter name="Index" scale="1.0" value="0.0" min="-5.0" max="+5.0" free="1"/>
169   - <parameter name="PivotEnergy" scale="1e6" value="1.0" min="0.01" max="1000.0" free="0"/>
170   - </spectrum>
171   - </source>
172   - </source_library>
173   -
174   -You can now fit this model using an On/Off analysis by specifying the
  169 +You can now fit the model ``onoff_model.xml`` using an On/Off analysis by
  170 +specifying the
175 171 :ref:`output observation definition file <glossary_obsdef>`
176 172 and the
177 173 :ref:`model definition file <glossary_moddef>`
... ... @@ -180,9 +176,9 @@ to :ref:`ctlike`:
180 176 .. code-block:: bash
181 177  
182 178 $ ctlike
183   - Input event list, counts cube or observation definition XML file [selected_events.fits] onoff_obs.xml
184   - Input model definition XML file [$CTOOLS/share/models/crab.xml] crab_onoff.xml
185   - Output model definition XML file [crab_results.xml]
  179 + Input event list, counts cube or observation definition XML file [selected_events_edisp.fits] onoff_obs.xml
  180 + Input model definition XML file [$CTOOLS/share/models/crab.xml] onoff_model.xml
  181 + Output model definition XML file [crab_results_edisp.xml] crab_results.xml
186 182  
187 183 Below you see the corresponding output from the ``ctlike.log`` file. The fitted
188 184 parameters are still the same within statistical uncertainties as the ones
... ... @@ -191,61 +187,62 @@ the background is not well known a priori.
191 187  
192 188 .. code-block:: none
193 189  
194   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: +=================================+
195   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: | Maximum likelihood optimisation |
196   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: +=================================+
197   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: >Iteration 0: -logL=-44981.922, Lambda=1.0e-03
198   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: >Iteration 1: -logL=-44983.914, Lambda=1.0e-03, delta=1.992, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=2.056476 [Index:7]
199   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: >Iteration 2: -logL=-44983.915, Lambda=1.0e-04, delta=0.001, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=0.001765 [Index:3]
200   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20:
201   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: +=========================================+
202   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: | Maximum likelihood optimisation results |
203   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: +=========================================+
204   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: === GOptimizerLM ===
205   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Optimized function value ..: -44983.915
206   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Absolute precision ........: 0.005
207   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Acceptable value decrease .: 2
208   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Optimization status .......: converged
209   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of parameters ......: 10
210   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of free parameters .: 4
211   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of iterations ......: 2
212   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Lambda ....................: 1e-05
213   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Maximum log likelihood ....: 44983.915
214   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Observed events (Nobs) ...: 7309.000
215   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Predicted events (Npred) ..: 7306.626 (Nobs - Npred = 2.37371839911157)
216   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: === GModels ===
217   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of models ..........: 2
218   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of parameters ......: 10
219   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: === GModelSky ===
220   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Name ......................: Crab
221   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Instruments ...............: all
222   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
223   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Observation identifiers ...: all
224   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Model type ................: PointSource
225   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Model components ..........: "PointSource" * "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
226   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of parameters ......: 6
227   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of spatial par's ...: 2
228   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: RA .......................: 83.6331 [-360,360] deg (fixed,scale=1)
229   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: DEC ......................: 22.0145 [-90,90] deg (fixed,scale=1)
230   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
231   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Prefactor ................: 5.59354639816441e-16 +/- 7.3028712529757e-18 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)
232   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Index ....................: -2.47773254234859 +/- 0.0110401748178683 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)
233   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
234   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
235   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
236   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: === GCTAModelIrfBackground ===
237   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Name ......................: BackgroundModel
238   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Instruments ...............: CTAOnOff
239   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
240   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Observation identifiers ...: all
241   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Model type ................: "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
242   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of parameters ......: 4
243   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
244   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Prefactor ................: 0.977042261939201 +/- 0.0498175569832557 [0.01,100] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)
245   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Index ....................: 0.00289056644049351 +/- 0.0299910588265984 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)
246   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
247   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
248   - 2018-01-24T15:03:20: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  190 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: +=================================+
  191 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: | Maximum likelihood optimisation |
  192 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: +=================================+
  193 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: >Iteration 0: -logL=-47436.484, Lambda=1.0e-03
  194 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: >Iteration 1: -logL=-47439.247, Lambda=1.0e-03, delta=2.762, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=14.136296 [Index:7]
  195 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: >Iteration 2: -logL=-47439.266, Lambda=1.0e-04, delta=0.020, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=0.089563 [Index:7]
  196 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: >Iteration 3: -logL=-47439.266, Lambda=1.0e-05, delta=0.000, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=0.001727 [Index:7]
  197 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29:
  198 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: +=========================================+
  199 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: | Maximum likelihood optimisation results |
  200 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: +=========================================+
  201 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: === GOptimizerLM ===
  202 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Optimized function value ..: -47439.266
  203 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Absolute precision ........: 0.005
  204 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Acceptable value decrease .: 2
  205 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Optimization status .......: converged
  206 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of parameters ......: 10
  207 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of free parameters .: 4
  208 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of iterations ......: 3
  209 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Lambda ....................: 1e-06
  210 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Maximum log likelihood ....: 47439.266
  211 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Observed events (Nobs) ...: 7607.000
  212 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Predicted events (Npred) ..: 7606.425 (Nobs - Npred = 0.575097306655152)
  213 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: === GModels ===
  214 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of models ..........: 2
  215 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of parameters ......: 10
  216 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: === GModelSky ===
  217 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Name ......................: Crab
  218 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Instruments ...............: all
  219 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  220 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Observation identifiers ...: all
  221 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Model type ................: PointSource
  222 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Model components ..........: "PointSource" * "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  223 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of parameters ......: 6
  224 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of spatial par's ...: 2
  225 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: RA .......................: 83.6331 [-360,360] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  226 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: DEC ......................: 22.0145 [-90,90] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  227 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  228 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Prefactor ................: 5.71422768206296e-16 +/- 7.28119011001326e-18 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)
  229 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Index ....................: -2.47772427704665 +/- 0.0108450088768338 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)
  230 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  231 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  232 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  233 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: === GCTAModelIrfBackground ===
  234 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Name ......................: CTABackgroundModel
  235 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Instruments ...............: CTAOnOff
  236 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  237 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Observation identifiers ...: all
  238 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Model type ................: "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  239 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of parameters ......: 4
  240 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  241 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Prefactor ................: 0.925471278485926 +/- 0.0482291417226665 [0.001,1000] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)
  242 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Index ....................: -0.0649030558071282 +/- 0.0301870339200633 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)
  243 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  244 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  245 + 2019-04-02T14:55:29: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
249 246  
250 247 :ref:`ctlike` has a hidden parameter called ``statistic`` that sets the
251 248 statistic used for the fit. By default, :ref:`ctlike` will use ``CSTAT``
... ... @@ -257,7 +254,70 @@ Alternatively, you can use ``WSTAT`` for an On/Off analysis, which treats the
257 254 number of background counts in each energy bin as a nuisance parameter that is
258 255 derived from the On and Off counts by profiling the likelihood function. In
259 256 this case, the only assumption is that the background rate spectrum is the same
260   -in the On and Off regions.
  257 +in the On and Off regions. Below the results for a :ref:`ctlike` run with
  258 +the ``statistic=wstat`` option.
  259 +
  260 +.. code-block:: none
  261 +
  262 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: +=================================+
  263 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: | Maximum likelihood optimisation |
  264 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: +=================================+
  265 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Parameter "Prefactor" has zero curvature. Fix parameter.
  266 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Parameter "Index" has zero curvature. Fix parameter.
  267 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: >Iteration 0: -logL=13.699, Lambda=1.0e-03
  268 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: >Iteration 1: -logL=13.645, Lambda=1.0e-03, delta=0.054, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=0.226348 [Index:3]
  269 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: >Iteration 2: -logL=13.645, Lambda=1.0e-04, delta=0.000, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=0.001120 [Index:3]
  270 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Free parameter "Prefactor" after convergence was reached with frozen parameter.
  271 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Free parameter "Index" after convergence was reached with frozen parameter.
  272 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29:
  273 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: +=========================================+
  274 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: | Maximum likelihood optimisation results |
  275 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: +=========================================+
  276 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: === GOptimizerLM ===
  277 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Optimized function value ..: 13.645
  278 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Absolute precision ........: 0.005
  279 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Acceptable value decrease .: 2
  280 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Optimization status .......: converged
  281 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of parameters ......: 10
  282 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of free parameters .: 4
  283 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of iterations ......: 2
  284 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Lambda ....................: 1e-05
  285 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Maximum log likelihood ....: -13.645
  286 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Observed events (Nobs) ...: 7607.000
  287 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Predicted events (Npred) ..: 7606.133 (Nobs - Npred = 0.866926153597888)
  288 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: === GModels ===
  289 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of models ..........: 2
  290 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of parameters ......: 10
  291 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: === GModelSky ===
  292 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Name ......................: Crab
  293 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Instruments ...............: all
  294 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  295 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Observation identifiers ...: all
  296 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Model type ................: PointSource
  297 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Model components ..........: "PointSource" * "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  298 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of parameters ......: 6
  299 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of spatial par's ...: 2
  300 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: RA .......................: 83.6331 [-360,360] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  301 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: DEC ......................: 22.0145 [-90,90] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  302 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  303 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Prefactor ................: 5.71398803734648e-16 +/- 7.28140878478654e-18 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)
  304 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Index ....................: -2.47775827196727 +/- 0.0108569325078945 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)
  305 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  306 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  307 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  308 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: === GCTAModelIrfBackground ===
  309 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Name ......................: CTABackgroundModel
  310 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Instruments ...............: CTAOnOff
  311 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  312 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Observation identifiers ...: all
  313 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Model type ................: "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  314 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of parameters ......: 4
  315 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  316 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Prefactor ................: 1 +/- 0 [0.001,1000] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)
  317 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Index ....................: 0 +/- 0 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)
  318 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  319 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  320 + 2019-04-02T15:56:29: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
261 321  
262 322 .. warning::
263 323 Beware that the profiling may yield unphysical results (negative background
... ... @@ -270,11 +330,6 @@ in the On and Off regions.
270 330 `XSPEC manual Appendix B <https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/xanadu/xspec/manual/XSappendixStatistics.html>`_
271 331 for more information.
272 332  
273   -Finally, you can also use ``CHI2`` as fit statistic which is a classical chi
274   -square, i.e., a Gaussian signal and Gaussian background. As for ``CSTAT``, a
275   -spectral model for the signal and a spectral model for the background are
276   -jointly fit to the On and Off spectra.
277   -
278 333 .. note::
279 334 Many scripts can also be used in On/Off mode, including
280 335 :ref:`ctbutterfly` and :ref:`csspec` that were used earlier. It is
... ...
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... ... @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ subtracted. You run the :ref:`csresmap` script as follows:
34 34  
35 35 The :ref:`csresmap` script produces the FITS file ``resmap.fits`` that contains
36 36 the residual counts map. The image is displayed below using
37   -`ds9 <http://ds9.si.edu>`_ with a linear color scale and with a small Gaussian
  37 +`ds9 <http://ds9.si.edu>`_ with a linear color scale and with a 3 pixel Gaussian
38 38 kernel smoothing applied. Obviously, there are no significant residuals, which
39 39 indicates that the model fit was satisfactory.
40 40  
41   -.. figure:: residual_map.jpg
  41 +.. figure:: residual_map.png
42 42 :width: 400px
43 43 :align: center
44 44  
... ...
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... ... @@ -52,18 +52,18 @@ You run :ref:`ctpsfcube` as follows:
52 52 Calibration database [prod2]
53 53 Instrument response function [South_0.5h]
54 54 Input counts cube file to extract PSF cube definition [NONE]
  55 + Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
  56 + Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
55 57 First coordinate of image center in degrees (RA or galactic l) (0-360) [83.63]
56 58 Second coordinate of image center in degrees (DEC or galactic b) (-90-90) [22.51]
57   - Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
58   - Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
59 59 Image scale (in degrees/pixel) [1.0]
60 60 Size of the X axis in pixels [10]
61 61 Size of the Y axis in pixels [10]
62 62 Algorithm for defining energy bins (FILE|LIN|LOG) [LOG]
63 63 Lower energy limit (TeV) [0.1]
64 64 Upper energy limit (TeV) [100.0]
65   - Number of energy bins (1-200) [20]
66   - Output PSF cube file [psfcube.fits]
  65 + Number of energy bins (1-1000) [20]
  66 + Output PSF cube file [psfcube.fits]
67 67  
68 68 This produces the FITS file ``psfcube.fits`` that contains the point spread
69 69 function as function of sky position and energy. You may have noted in the
... ...
doc/source/users/tutorials/quickstart/selecting.rst
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... ... @@ -33,43 +33,43 @@ event selection:
33 33  
34 34 .. code-block:: none
35 35  
36   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: +===================+
37   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: | Input observation |
38   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: +===================+
39   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: === GObservations ===
40   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Number of observations ....: 1
41   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Number of models ..........: 0
42   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Number of observed events .: 202210
43   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Number of predicted events : 0
44   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07:
45   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: +=================+
46   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: | Event selection |
47   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: +=================+
48   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: === CTA observation (id=000001) ===
49   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Input filename ............: events.fits
50   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Event extension name ......: EVENTS
51   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: GTI extension name ........: GTI
52   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: === Event selection ===
53   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Time range (MJD) ..........: 58849.0077451852 - 58849.0285785185 days
54   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Time range (UTC) ..........: 2020-01-01T00:10:00 - 2020-01-01T00:40:00
55   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Time range (MET) ..........: 631109469.184 - 631111269.184 seconds
56   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Selected energy range .....: 0.1 - 100 TeV
57   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Requested RoI .............: Centre(RA,DEC)=(83.63, 22.51) deg, Radius=3 deg
58   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: RoI of data ...............: Centre(RA,DEC)=(83.63, 22.51) deg, Radius=5 deg
59   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Selected RoI ..............: Centre(RA,DEC)=(83.63, 22.51) deg, Radius=3 deg
60   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: cfitsio selection .........: TIME >= 631109469.18399978 && TIME <= 631111269.18400002 && ENERGY >= 0.10000000 && ENERGY <= 100.00000000 && ANGSEP(83.630000,22.510000,RA,DEC) <= 3.000000
61   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: FITS filename .............: /var/tmp/tmp.0.aFKvXb[EVENTS][TIME >= 631109469.18399978 && TIME <= 631111269.18400002 && ENERGY >= 0.10000000 && ENERGY <= 100.00000000 && ANGSEP(83.630000,22.510000,RA,DEC) <= 3.000000]
62   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07:
63   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: +====================+
64   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: | Output observation |
65   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: +====================+
66   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: === GObservations ===
67   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Number of observations ....: 1
68   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Number of models ..........: 0
69   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Number of observed events .: 21974
70   - 2018-01-24T14:07:07: Number of predicted events : 0
  36 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: +===================+
  37 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: | Input observation |
  38 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: +===================+
  39 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: === GObservations ===
  40 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Number of observations ....: 1
  41 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Number of models ..........: 0
  42 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Number of observed events .: 206048
  43 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Number of predicted events : 0
  44 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50:
  45 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: +=================+
  46 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: | Event selection |
  47 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: +=================+
  48 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: === CTA observation (id=000001) ===
  49 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Input filename ............: events.fits
  50 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Event extension name ......: EVENTS
  51 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: GTI extension name ........: GTI
  52 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: === Event selection ===
  53 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Time range (MJD) ..........: 58849.0077451852 - 58849.0285785185 days
  54 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Time range (UTC) ..........: 2020-01-01T00:10:00 - 2020-01-01T00:40:00
  55 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Time range (MET) ..........: 631109469.184 - 631111269.184 seconds
  56 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Selected energy range .....: 0.1 - 100 TeV
  57 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Requested RoI .............: Centre(RA,DEC)=(83.63, 22.51) deg, Radius=3 deg
  58 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: RoI of data ...............: Centre(RA,DEC)=(83.63, 22.51) deg, Radius=5 deg
  59 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: Selected RoI ..............: Centre(RA,DEC)=(83.63, 22.51) deg, Radius=3 deg
  60 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: cfitsio selection .........: TIME >= 631109469.18399978 && TIME <= 631111269.18400002 && ENERGY >= 0.10000000 && ENERGY <= 100.00000000 && ANGSEP(83.630000,22.510000,RA,DEC) <= 3.000000
  61 + 2019-04-02T12:52:50: FITS filename .............: /var/tmp/tmp.0.vWKyrl[EVENTS][TIME >= 631109469.18399978 && TIME <= 631111269.18400002 && ENERGY >= 0.10000000 && ENERGY <= 100.00000000 && ANGSEP(83.630000,22.510000,RA,DEC) <= 3.000000]
  62 + 2019-04-02T12:52:51:
  63 + 2019-04-02T12:52:51: +====================+
  64 + 2019-04-02T12:52:51: | Output observation |
  65 + 2019-04-02T12:52:51: +====================+
  66 + 2019-04-02T12:52:51: === GObservations ===
  67 + 2019-04-02T12:52:51: Number of observations ....: 1
  68 + 2019-04-02T12:52:51: Number of models ..........: 0
  69 + 2019-04-02T12:52:51: Number of observed events .: 22708
  70 + 2019-04-02T12:52:51: Number of predicted events : 0
71 71  
72   -From the 202210 events in the input event list 21974 events were selected.
  72 +From the 206048 events in the input event list 22708 events were selected.
73 73  
74 74 .. note::
75 75 Event selection by :ref:`ctselect` in a given dimension can be avoided
... ... @@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ From the 202210 events in the input event list 21974 events were selected.
82 82  
83 83 $ ctselect
84 84 Input event list or observation definition XML file [events.fits]
85   - Radius of ROI around pointing or specified RA/DEC (degrees) (0-180.) [3.] NONE
86   - Start time (UTC string, JD, MJD or time in seconds) [2020-01-01T00:10:00]
87   - Stop time (UTC string, JD, MJD or time in seconds) [2020-01-01T00:40:00]
  85 + Radius of ROI around pointing or specified RA/DEC (degrees) (0-180) [3.0] NONE
  86 + Start time (UTC string, JD, MJD or MET in seconds) [2020-01-01T00:10:00]
  87 + Stop time (UTC string, JD, MJD or MET in seconds) [2020-01-01T00:40:00]
88 88 Lower energy limit (TeV) [0.1] NONE
89   - Output event list or observation definition XML file [selected_events.fits]
  89 + Output event list or observation definition XML file [selected_events.fits]
... ...
doc/source/users/tutorials/quickstart/simulating.rst
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... ... @@ -207,33 +207,33 @@ from this file are shown here:
207 207  
208 208 .. code-block:: none
209 209  
210   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: === CTA observation ===
211   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Simulation cone ...........: RA=83.63 deg, Dec=22.51 deg, radius=5.5 deg
212   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Time interval .............: 6.31109e+08 - 6.31112e+08 s
213   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Photon energy range .......: 30 GeV - 70.310187347763 GeV
214   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Event energy range ........: 30 GeV - 70.310187347763 GeV
215   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Simulation area ..........: 1.90195e+09 cm2
216   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Use model ................: Crab
217   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Normalization ............: 1 [Crab]
218   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Flux .....................: 2.50006e-09 [Crab] photons/cm2/s
219   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Normalized flux ..........: 2.50006e-09 [Crab] photons/cm2/s
220   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Photon rate ..............: 4.75499 photons/s [Crab]
221   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: MC source photons ........: 17169 [Crab]
222   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: MC source events .........: 3870 [Crab]
223   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: MC source events .........: 3870 (all source models)
224   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: Photon energy range .......: 70.310187347763 GeV - 164.784081495918 GeV
  210 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: === CTA observation ===
  211 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Simulation cone ...........: RA=83.63 deg, Dec=22.51 deg, radius=5.5 deg
  212 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Time interval .............: 6.31109e+08 - 6.31112e+08 s
  213 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Photon energy range .......: 30 GeV - 70.310187347763 GeV
  214 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Event energy range ........: 30 GeV - 70.310187347763 GeV
  215 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Simulation area ..........: 1.90195e+09 cm2
  216 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Use model ................: Crab
  217 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Normalization ............: 1 [Crab]
  218 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Flux .....................: 2.50006e-09 [Crab] photons/cm2/s
  219 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Normalized flux ..........: 2.50006e-09 [Crab] photons/cm2/s
  220 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Photon rate ..............: 4.75499 photons/s [Crab]
  221 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: MC source photons ........: 17169 [Crab]
  222 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: MC source events .........: 3870 [Crab]
  223 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: MC source events .........: 3870 (all source models)
  224 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: Photon energy range .......: 70.310187347763 GeV - 164.784081495918 GeV
225 225 ...
226   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: MC source photons .........: 46368 [Crab]
227   - 2018-01-24T14:01:30: MC source events ..........: 12749 [Crab]
228   - 2018-01-24T14:01:38: MC events outside ROI .....: 0
229   - 2018-01-24T14:01:38: MC background events ......: 189461
230   - 2018-01-24T14:01:38: MC identifier 1 ...........: Crab
231   - 2018-01-24T14:01:38: MC identifier 2 ...........: CTABackgroundModel
232   - 2018-01-24T14:01:38: MC events .................: 202210 (all models)
  226 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: MC source photons .........: 46368 [Crab]
  227 + 2019-04-02T12:47:42: MC source events ..........: 12749 [Crab]
  228 + 2019-04-02T12:47:50: MC events outside ROI .....: 0
  229 + 2019-04-02T12:47:50: MC background events ......: 193299
  230 + 2019-04-02T12:47:50: MC identifier 1 ...........: Crab
  231 + 2019-04-02T12:47:50: MC identifier 2 ...........: CTABackgroundModel
  232 + 2019-04-02T12:47:50: MC events .................: 206048 (all models)
233 233  
234 234 Each line starts with the UTC time at which the line has been written. In
235 235 this run, 46368 Crab photons have been thrown. 12749 of these photons have been
236   -registered by CTA as events. In the same time interval, 189461 background
  236 +registered by CTA as events. In the same time interval, 193299 background
237 237 events have been registred by CTA.
238 238  
239 239 .. note::
... ...
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... ... @@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ this with the :ref:`ctskymap` tool as follows:
15 15  
16 16 $ ctskymap
17 17 Input event list or observation definition XML file [events.fits] selected_events.fits
  18 + Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
  19 + Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
18 20 First coordinate of image center in degrees (RA or galactic l) (0-360) [83.63]
19 21 Second coordinate of image center in degrees (DEC or galactic b) (-90-90) [22.01]
20   - Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
21   - Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
22 22 Image scale (in degrees/pixel) [0.02]
23 23 Size of the X axis in pixels [200]
24 24 Size of the Y axis in pixels [200]
... ... @@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ nebula (Right Ascension 83.63 deg, Declination 22.01 deg) and consists of
34 34 an area of 4 deg x 4 deg.
35 35  
36 36 Below an image of the sky map, displayed using
37   -`ds9 <http://ds9.si.edu>`_ in logarithmic color scale with a small Gaussian
  37 +`ds9 <http://ds9.si.edu>`_ in logarithmic color scale with a 3 pixel Gaussian
38 38 kernel smoothing applied:
39 39  
40   -.. figure:: skymap.jpg
  40 +.. figure:: skymap.png
41 41 :width: 400px
42 42 :align: center
43 43  
... ... @@ -57,26 +57,26 @@ example:
57 57 .. code-block:: bash
58 58  
59 59 $ ctskymap
60   - Input event list or observation definition XML file [selected_events.fits]
61   - First coordinate of image center in degrees (RA or galactic l) (0-360) [83.63]
62   - Second coordinate of image center in degrees (DEC or galactic b) (-90-90) [22.01]
63   - Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
64   - Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
65   - Image scale (in degrees/pixel) [0.02]
66   - Size of the X axis in pixels [200]
67   - Size of the Y axis in pixels [200]
68   - Lower energy limit (TeV) [0.1]
69   - Upper energy limit (TeV) [100.0]
70   - Background subtraction method (NONE|IRF|RING) [NONE] IRF
71   - Calibration database [prod2]
72   - Instrument response function [South_0.5h]
73   - Output skymap file [skymap.fits] skymap_subtracted.fits
  60 + Input event list or observation definition XML file [selected_events.fits]
  61 + Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
  62 + Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
  63 + First coordinate of image center in degrees (RA or galactic l) (0-360) [83.63]
  64 + Second coordinate of image center in degrees (DEC or galactic b) (-90-90) [22.01]
  65 + Image scale (in degrees/pixel) [0.02]
  66 + Size of the X axis in pixels [200]
  67 + Size of the Y axis in pixels [200]
  68 + Lower energy limit (TeV) [0.1]
  69 + Upper energy limit (TeV) [100.0]
  70 + Background subtraction method (NONE|IRF|RING) [NONE] IRF
  71 + Calibration database [prod2]
  72 + Instrument response function [South_0.5h]
  73 + Output skymap file [skymap.fits] skymap_subtracted.fits
74 74  
75 75 The resulting sky map, displayed using
76   -`ds9 <http://ds9.si.edu>`_ in logarithmic color scale with a small Gaussian
  76 +`ds9 <http://ds9.si.edu>`_ in logarithmic color scale with a 3 pixel Gaussian
77 77 kernel smoothing applied is shown below:
78 78  
79   -.. figure:: skymap_subtracted.jpg
  79 +.. figure:: skymap_subtracted.png
80 80 :width: 400px
81 81 :align: center
82 82  
... ... @@ -89,50 +89,41 @@ the background subtraction method set to ``RING``. For each position in
89 89 the map the number of background counts is estimated from a ring,
90 90 scaled according to the background model in the :ref:`instrument
91 91 response functions <glossary_irf>`, and subtracted from a circular
92   -region centred on the trial source region. You need to avoid regions
93   -with significant gamma-ray emission when deriving the background
94   -rates, by providing an exclusion region (`ds9 <http://ds9.si.edu>`_
95   -region file, or FITS map) through the hidden ``inexclusion`` parameter.
  92 +region centred on the trial source region. Regions with with significant
  93 +gamma-ray emission need to be excluded from the ring background estimate.
  94 +You can do this by iteratively determining an exclusion map that contains
  95 +all pixels above a given significance threshold. We chose here 3 iterations
  96 +and a threshold of 5 sigma.
96 97  
97 98 .. code-block:: bash
98 99  
99   - $ ctskymap inexclusion=exclusion.reg
  100 + $ ctskymap
100 101 Input event list or observation definition XML file [selected_events.fits]
  102 + Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
  103 + Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
101 104 First coordinate of image center in degrees (RA or galactic l) (0-360) [83.63]
102 105 Second coordinate of image center in degrees (DEC or galactic b) (-90-90) [22.01]
103   - Projection method (AIT|AZP|CAR|GLS|MER|MOL|SFL|SIN|STG|TAN) [CAR]
104   - Coordinate system (CEL - celestial, GAL - galactic) (CEL|GAL) [CEL]
105 106 Image scale (in degrees/pixel) [0.02]
106 107 Size of the X axis in pixels [200]
107 108 Size of the Y axis in pixels [200]
108 109 Lower energy limit (TeV) [0.1]
109 110 Upper energy limit (TeV) [100.0]
110 111 Background subtraction method (NONE|IRF|RING) [IRF] RING
111   - Source region radius for estimating on-counts (degrees) [0.2]
112   - Inner ring radius (degrees) [0.6]
113   - Outer ring radius (degrees) [0.8]
  112 + Source region radius for estimating on-counts (degrees) [0.1] 0.05
  113 + Inner background ring radius (degrees) [0.6]
  114 + Outer background ring radius (degrees) [0.8]
  115 + Number of iterations for exclusion regions computation (0-100) [0] 3
  116 + Significance threshold for exclusion regions computation [5.0]
114 117 Calibration database [prod2]
115 118 Instrument response function [South_0.5h]
116 119 Output skymap file [skymap_subtracted.fits] skymap_ring.fits
117 120  
118   -The exclusion file used contained just a circle centered on the Crab
119   -nebula.
120   -
121   -.. code-block:: bash
122   -
123   - $ more exclusion.reg
124   - fk5
125   - circle(83.63,22.01,0.2)
126   -
127 121 The resulting sky map, displayed using
128 122 `ds9 <http://ds9.si.edu>`_ in logarithmic color scale is shown below.
129 123  
130   -.. figure:: skymap_ring.jpg
  124 +.. figure:: skymap_ring.png
131 125 :width: 400px
132 126 :align: center
133 127  
134 128 *Sky map of the selected events with background subtraction from
135 129 the ring method*
136   -
137   -Note that the map thus obtained is smoothed to the scale of the source
138   -region size.
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... ... @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ The :ref:`csspec` script creates the FITS file ``spectrum.fits`` that contains
53 53 the results of the SED fitting. A graphical display of the fit results is
54 54 shown below.
55 55  
56   -.. figure:: spectrum.jpg
  56 +.. figure:: spectrum.png
57 57 :width: 600px
58 58 :align: center
59 59  
... ...
doc/source/users/tutorials/quickstart/unbinned.rst
  View file @92a171b
... ... @@ -56,54 +56,61 @@ the same events for both analyses.
56 56  
57 57 .. code-block:: none
58 58  
59   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: +=========================================+
60   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: | Maximum likelihood optimisation results |
61   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: +=========================================+
62   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: === GOptimizerLM ===
63   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Optimized function value ..: 139993.152
64   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Absolute precision ........: 0.005
65   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Acceptable value decrease .: 2
66   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Optimization status .......: converged
67   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of parameters ......: 10
68   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of free parameters .: 4
69   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of iterations ......: 2
70   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Lambda ....................: 1e-05
71   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Maximum log likelihood ....: -139993.152
72   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Observed events (Nobs) ...: 21974.000
73   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Predicted events (Npred) ..: 21973.998 (Nobs - Npred = 0.00192004605924012)
74   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: === GModels ===
75   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of models ..........: 2
76   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of parameters ......: 10
77   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: === GModelSky ===
78   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Name ......................: Crab
79   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Instruments ...............: all
80   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
81   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Observation identifiers ...: all
82   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Model type ................: PointSource
83   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Model components ..........: "PointSource" * "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
84   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of parameters ......: 6
85   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of spatial par's ...: 2
86   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: RA .......................: 83.6331 [-360,360] deg (fixed,scale=1)
87   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: DEC ......................: 22.0145 [-90,90] deg (fixed,scale=1)
88   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
89   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Prefactor ................: 5.84749807744844e-16 +/- 1.02060247557839e-17 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)
90   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Index ....................: -2.48831941472059 +/- 0.0150002799717933 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)
91   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
92   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
93   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
94   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: === GCTAModelIrfBackground ===
95   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Name ......................: CTABackgroundModel
96   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Instruments ...............: CTA
97   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
98   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Observation identifiers ...: all
99   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Model type ................: "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
100   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of parameters ......: 4
101   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
102   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Prefactor ................: 1.00311308345777 +/- 0.0134769768119516 [0.001,1000] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)
103   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Index ....................: 0.00710999567642649 +/- 0.00818686036300859 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)
104   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
105   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
106   - 2018-01-24T14:42:49: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  59 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: +=================================+
  60 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: | Maximum likelihood optimisation |
  61 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: +=================================+
  62 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: >Iteration 0: -logL=143782.837, Lambda=1.0e-03
  63 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: >Iteration 1: -logL=143779.346, Lambda=1.0e-03, delta=3.491, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=5.346881 [Index:7]
  64 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: >Iteration 2: -logL=143779.343, Lambda=1.0e-04, delta=0.003, step=1.0e+00, max(|grad|)=-0.055672 [Index:3]
  65 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10:
  66 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: +=========================================+
  67 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: | Maximum likelihood optimisation results |
  68 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: +=========================================+
  69 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: === GOptimizerLM ===
  70 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Optimized function value ..: 143779.343
  71 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Absolute precision ........: 0.005
  72 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Acceptable value decrease .: 2
  73 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Optimization status .......: converged
  74 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of parameters ......: 10
  75 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of free parameters .: 4
  76 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of iterations ......: 2
  77 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Lambda ....................: 1e-05
  78 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Maximum log likelihood ....: -143779.343
  79 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Observed events (Nobs) ...: 22708.000
  80 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Predicted events (Npred) ..: 22707.995 (Nobs - Npred = 0.00519125738355797)
  81 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: === GModels ===
  82 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of models ..........: 2
  83 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of parameters ......: 10
  84 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: === GModelSky ===
  85 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Name ......................: Crab
  86 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Instruments ...............: all
  87 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  88 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Observation identifiers ...: all
  89 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Model type ................: PointSource
  90 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Model components ..........: "PointSource" * "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  91 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of parameters ......: 6
  92 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of spatial par's ...: 2
  93 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: RA .......................: 83.6331 [-360,360] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  94 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: DEC ......................: 22.0145 [-90,90] deg (fixed,scale=1)
  95 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  96 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Prefactor ................: 5.88338676901458e-16 +/- 1.02452856089807e-17 [1e-23,1e-13] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1e-16,gradient)
  97 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Index ....................: -2.49375950219757 +/- 0.0149889370322137 [-0,-5] (free,scale=-1,gradient)
  98 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: PivotEnergy ..............: 300000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  99 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  100 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
  101 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: === GCTAModelIrfBackground ===
  102 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Name ......................: CTABackgroundModel
  103 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Instruments ...............: CTA
  104 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Instrument scale factors ..: unity
  105 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Observation identifiers ...: all
  106 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Model type ................: "PowerLaw" * "Constant"
  107 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of parameters ......: 4
  108 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of spectral par's ..: 3
  109 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Prefactor ................: 1.0018169793538 +/- 0.0133053833141539 [0.001,1000] ph/cm2/s/MeV (free,scale=1,gradient)
  110 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Index ....................: -0.00708154249642314 +/- 0.00805278228449961 [-5,5] (free,scale=1,gradient)
  111 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: PivotEnergy ..............: 1000000 [10000,1000000000] MeV (fixed,scale=1000000,gradient)
  112 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Number of temporal par's ..: 1
  113 + 2019-04-02T14:15:10: Normalization ............: 1 (relative value) (fixed,scale=1,gradient)
107 114  
108 115 .. note::
109 116 Many tools or scripts can also be used in unbinned mode, including
... ...