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doc/source/users/user_manual/likelihood.rst
| ... | ... | @@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm |
| 179 | 179 | ctools uses an iterative Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm for maximum likelihood |
| 180 | 180 | estimation. Since the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm minimises a function, we |
| 181 | 181 | use :math:`-\ln L(M)` as the function to minimse. The Levenberg-Marquardt |
| 182 | -algorithm starts with an inital guess of the :ref:`model <um_models>` parameters | |
| 182 | +algorithm starts with an initial guess of the :ref:`model <um_models>` parameters | |
| 183 | 183 | :math:`a_k` and iteratively replaces this estimate by a new estimate |
| 184 | 184 | :math:`a_k + \Delta a_k`. The :math:`\Delta a_k` are determined by solving |
| 185 | 185 | |
| ... | ... | @@ -191,12 +191,12 @@ where |
| 191 | 191 | .. math:: |
| 192 | 192 | \alpha_{kl} = \frac{\partial^2 (-\ln L(M))}{\partial a_k \partial a_l} |
| 193 | 193 | |
| 194 | -is the curvature matrix | |
| 194 | +is the curvature matrix, | |
| 195 | 195 | |
| 196 | 196 | .. math:: |
| 197 | 197 | \beta_k = \frac{\partial (-\ln L(M))}{\partial a_k} |
| 198 | 198 | |
| 199 | -is the gradient and | |
| 199 | +is the gradient, and | |
| 200 | 200 | :math:`\delta_{kl}` is the Kronecker delta that is :math:`1` for |
| 201 | 201 | :math:`k=l` and :math:`0` otherwise. :math:`\lambda` is a damping parameter |
| 202 | 202 | that initially is set to 0.001. If a Levenberg-Marquardt iteration leads to |
| ... | ... | @@ -247,8 +247,8 @@ where :math:`\ln L(M_s+M_b)` is the log-likelihood value obtained when |
| 247 | 247 | fitting the source and the background together to the data, and |
| 248 | 248 | :math:`\ln L(M_b)` is the log-likelihood value obtained when fitting only |
| 249 | 249 | the background model to the data. |
| 250 | -Under the hypothesis that the model :math:`M_b` provides a satisfactory fit | |
| 251 | -of the data, :math:`TS` follows a :math:`\chi^2_n` distribution with | |
| 250 | +Under the hypothesis that the model :math:`M_s+M_b` provides a satisfactory fit | |
| 251 | +of the data, :math:`\mathrm{TS}` follows a :math:`\chi^2_n` distribution with | |
| 252 | 252 | :math:`n` degrees of freedom, where :math:`n` is the number of free parameters |
| 253 | 253 | in the source model component. Therefore |
| 254 | 254 | |
| ... | ... | @@ -256,9 +256,9 @@ in the source model component. Therefore |
| 256 | 256 | p = \int_\mathrm{TS}^{+\infty} \chi^2_n(x) \:\: \mathrm{d}x |
| 257 | 257 | |
| 258 | 258 | gives the chance probability (p-value) that the log-likelihood improves by |
| 259 | -:math:`TS/2` when adding the source model :math:`M_s` due to statistical | |
| 259 | +:math:`\mathrm{TS}/2` when adding the source model :math:`M_s` due to statistical | |
| 260 | 260 | fluctuations only. For :math:`n=1` the significance in Gaussian sigma |
| 261 | -is given by :math:`\sqrt{TS}`. | |
| 261 | +is given by :math:`\sqrt{\mathrm{TS}}`. | |
| 262 | 262 | |
| 263 | 263 | |
| 264 | 264 | Upper flux limits | ... | ... |